Flag, national, use of, by ancient Greeks, 48
Fraser, Edward, “Greenwich Royal Hospital,” 272
Genoa and the Genoese, 118, 121, 156, 180
Geography, Phœnician influence on Greek geography, 26; Pytheas and geographical knowledge, 27; Greek and Roman, 114; Ptolemy and, 116
George II establishes Naval Academy, 250; and naval uniform, 272
“Glorious First of June,” A.D. 1794, 270, 271, 279
Greece, Phœnician losses at invasion of, 20
Greek ships, galley, 5; how built, 29, 35; warships and ramming, 30, 32; colouring and sails, 30; warships, oar-propelled, 31, 37; ballast, 32; their shape, 34; timber employed, 35; other details, 35–7; sailing seasons, 37; manning of warships, 37; biremes and triremes, 38–40; anchors, 44; quickly built, 46; materials for, 46; shipbuilding yards, 46; naval tactics, 47; seamen, 47; _diekplous_ and _periplous_, 48; admiral’s ships, 48; signalling, 49; seamanship, 50; officers, 50; a penteconter, 50–1; summary, 51
Greek words used in connection with ships, 34–7, 39–41
Gunnery at time of Armada, 219; at time of French wars, 280. _See also_ Artillery
Halogaland, 97; the Halogalanders as seamen, 105
Halley, Edmund, on lead, latitude, and look-out, 253; quadrant, 212
Harrison, John and William, invent the chronometer, 254
Hatsopsitu’s, Queen, expedition to Punt, 12
Hawkins, Sir John, and payment for his men, 222
Hellespont, bridge of boats across the, 23
Henry VII, 170; encourages shipbuilding, 179
Henry VIII, 133, 170; decoration of his ships, 181, 182
Henry, Prince, the Navigator, 6; and Madeira, 122, 134; his influence, 126, 132, 133; settles at Sagres, 127; and the reaching of India, 127; his naval college, 128; his work, 129; sea route to India, 127, 129, 130; and the spread of the Catholic Church, 130; the results of his work, 131; the work of his pupils, 132; his discoveries, 134
Hiero II of Syracuse, mosaics on ship of, 52
Homer, references in, to ships, 34; ship of Homer, 35
Hour-glass, Vikings and the, 89; hour and half-hourly glasses, 215, 254
Howard, Lord, of Effingham, tactics of, 218; and the plague on his ships, 222
Hull, Kingston-on-, 133; seamen’s guild, 171
Hutchinson, William (“Practical Seamanship”), on a tyrannical captain, 249; on seamanship, 250; on the men of the merchant service, 251; on colliers, 252, 257; on boxhauling, 252; on the steering wheel, 256; on the barometer, 259; on squaresails, 260; pilots, 260; method of stopping leaks, 263; of scrubbing ship’s bottoms, 263; sails, 264