Oberstdorf (Low Alemannic: Oberschdorf) is a municipality and skiing and hiking town in Germany, located in the Allgäu region of the Bavarian Alps. It is the southernmost settlement in Germany and one of its highest towns.
At the center of Oberstdorf is a church whose tall spire serves as a landmark for navigating around town. The summits of the Nebelhorn and Fellhorn provide dramatic panoramic views of the alps. The Nebelhorn can be reached with a big cable car. Visitors can ride a unique diagonal elevator to the top of the Heini-Klopfer-Skiflugschanze.
Geography
Administrative divisions
Oberstdorf consists of the village of Oberstdorf (813 metres above sea level, survey point by the Roman Catholic church) and five other villages: Kornau , 915 m. In the vicinity is the Söllereckbahn and the Chapel of St. Fabian and St. Sebastian which is rich in art treasures. In Reichenbach (population: 226) is the 450-year-old Chapel of St. James and the Moorwasser swimming pool. The little hamlet of Rubi has 175 inhabitants. Typical of Schöllang are the farm houses around the Baroque onion tower of the parish church. In the vicinity is the 1531 castle church. The village of Tiefenbach takes its name from trees called Bergkiefer. The village lies on a terrace above the Breitach stream. Tiefenbach has a centuries-old spa tradition thanks to its sulphur spring. As early as the late 15th century counts and other high-ranking people convalesced here to cure their illnesses.
Valleys
There are a large number of valleys in the area around Oberstdorf, many of which are not only scenic, but are often starting points for walks in the mountains. The following list shows the main valleys together with their side valleys:
Breitach
Starzlach
Stillach (Stillachtal or Birgsautal) Rappenalpbach (Rappenalptal) Warmatsgundbach (Warmatsgundtal) Iller Oybach (Oytal) Trettach Dietersbach Traufbach
Oytal and Dietersbachtal are separated by the Höfats and Rauheck. Gerstruben, Germany's highest village, lies at the entrance to the Dietersbachtal.
The Rappenalptal is the longest and runs from Germany's southernmost village, Einödsbach, past the Haldenwanger Eck, Germany's southernmost point. At the end of the valley the Schrofen Pass leads to Austria.
Mountains
The Allgäu Alps in the area around Oberstdorf attain heights of over 2,600 metres and belong to the Northern Limestone Alps. The best known summits in Oberstdorf are:
Fellhorn 2,038 m (Blumenberg of the Allgäu) Himmelschrofen 1,791 m Höfats 2,259 m (the most prominent Allgäu "grass mountain") Kratzer 2,427 m Großer Krottenkopf 2,656 m (highest mountain of the Allgäu Alps) Mädelegabel 2,645 m (lies on the Heilbronn Way) Nebelhorn 2,224 m (with cable car) Rubihorn 1,957 m (local mountain) Schattenberg 1,845 m (by the eponymous ski jump) Schneck 2,268 m (unique shape) Trettachspitze 2,595 m Hoher Ifen 2,230 m
Lakes
There are numerous lakes at various heights around Oberstdorf:
Christlessee, drinking water quality, in the Trettach valley
Engeratsgundsee, east of the Großer Daumen
Freibergsee, bathing lake in the Stillach valley
Unterer and Oberer Gaisalpsee
Guggersee by the Krumbach Ridgeway
Hermannskarsee between the Großer Krottenkopf and the Marchspitze
Koblatsee in the Nebelhorn area
Laufbichelsee also on the Koblat of the Nebelhorn
Moorweiher on the Krappberg
Rappensee at 2,047 m
Schlappoldsee by the middle station of the Fellhornbahn
Seealpsee above the Oytal
Climate
Main sights
St. Anna-Kapelle, a chapel in Rohrmoos
17th and 18th century farmhouses
Breitachklamm near Tiefenbach, a gorge created by the river Breitach
Heini-Klopfer-Skiflugschanze, the third largest ski flying hill in the world
Schattenbergschanze, a ski jumping hill (the opening of the Four Hills Tournament)
History
Findings show that the Oberstdorf area was already inhabited from the Stone Age to the Roman Empire. When the Romans had abandoned the area east of the Upper Rhine and north of the Upper Rhine in the 3rd century, various Germanic groups migrated into the area, which were later called Alemanni.
Oberstdorf was first mentioned in 1141. King Maximilian, the later emperor, granted Oberstdorf in 1495 the right to hold a market and the High Court. In 1518 Count Hugo of Montfort built a spa in Tiefenbach at the sulphur spring, which is regarded as a precursor of today's spa facility.
Oberstdorf’s experience in the Third Reich is recounted in A Village in the Third Reich.