signals, vexillum, 10; early flag signals, 140; of 14th cent., 142; of 15th cent., 146; of 16th cent., 150; of 17th cent., 157; special flags first proposed, 160; red flag, 160; first English codes, 161; Commonwealth, 162; late Stuart, 162; of Russell, 163; of Rooke, 163; of Hawke, 164; numerary codes, 166; of Sir Chas. Knowles, 166; of la Bourdonnais, 167; tabular system, 167; of Howe, 169, 171; of McArthur, 174; vocabulary, 175; of Popham, 176, 180; at Trafalgar, 178; modern codes, 181; commercial codes, 183; of Marryat, 183; International Code, 184
standard, early forms, 3; at crusades, 4, 21; Egyptian, 6; Phoenician, 7; Greek, 7; Roman, 9; of Brutus, 11; position of, 11; lowered, 11, 12; of Harold, 16; Battle of the, 33, 34, 49; of the Generals at Sea, 64; of Charles II, 66; Royal, history of, 74; of Commonwealth and Protectorate, 75, 79; early use at sea, 76; flown by Lord High Admiral, 77, 80; by commanders of fleets, 78; of William III, 80
Union Flag, origin of, 54; proclamation of 1606, 55; objection of Scots, 56; quarterly form, 57; first called 'Britain or British flag,' 58; confined to ships of the R.N., 59; introduction of the jack, 60; form during Commonwealth, 63-5, 93; at Restoration, 66; usurped by merchant shipping, 66; imitations of, 68; proclamations against use by merchant ships, 67, 68; union of 1707, 71; of 1801, 71; modern patterns, 72; flown by admirals, 89, 100; use by captains in command, 98; flown by privateers, 124; white bordered, 127; as signal, 158; proportions of crosses in, 201; for persons of distinction, 203
William the Conqueror, gonfanon of, 12, 14
Yachts, flying union flag, 69; flags of, 136
PRINTED IN ENGLAND AT THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS BY J. B. PEACE, M.A.
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. Bold text is denoted by =equal signs=. Superscripts are denoted by ^ and have not been expanded; for example 'I am informed y^t the Ma^{ rs} of'.
Obvious typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the text and consultation of external sources.
Except for those changes noted below, inconsistent or archaic spelling of a word or word-pair within the text has been retained. For example: anchor-flag, anchor flag; city-states, city states; footsoldiers, foot-soldiers, foot soldiers; engrafting; warre; yeeld.
