------------+----------------+------------------------------------------+ |Names of |Fourth degree of oxygenation. | |the simple +---------------------+--------------------+ |substances. |New Names. |Ancient Names. | +----------------+---------------------+--------------------+ { Caloric | | | { | | | { Hydrogen. | | | { | | | { Azote { Oxygenated nitric |Unknown | { { acid | | { | | | { Charcoal { Oxygenated carbonic |Unknown | Combinations{ { acid | | of oxygen { | | | with { Sulphur |Oxygenated sulphuric |Unknown | simple { |acid | | non-metallic{ Phosphorus |Oxygenated phosphoric|Unknown | substances. { |acid | | { | | | { Muriatic radical}Oxygenated muriatic { Dephlogisticated | { |acid |marine acid | { | | | { Fluoric radical } | | { | | | { Boracic radical } | | { } | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ { Antimony | | | { | | | { Silver | | | { | | | { Arsenic |Oxygenated arseniac |Unknown | { |acid | | { | | | { Bismuth | | | { | | | { Cobalt | | | { | | | { Copper | | | { | | | { Tin | | | { | | | { Iron | | | { | | | Combinations{ | | | of oxygen { Manganese | | | with the { | | | simple { | | | metallic { Mercury | | | substances. { | | | { Molybdena |Oxygenated molybdic |Unknown | { |acid | | { Nickel | | | { | | | { Gold | | | { | | | { Platina | | | { | | | { Lead | | | { | | | { Tungstein |Oxygenated Tungstic }Unknown | { |acid | | { | | | { Zinc | | | ------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+
[Note A: Only one degree of oxygenation of hydrogen is hitherto known.--A.]
[Note B: Ethiops mineral is the sulphuret of mercury; this should have been called black precipitate of mercury.--E.]
SECT. IV.--_Observations upon the Combinations of Oxygen with the simple Substances._
Oxygen forms almost a third of the mass of our atmosphere, and is consequently one of the most plentiful substances in nature. All the animals and vegetables live and grow in this immense magazine of oxygen gas, and from it we procure the greatest part of what we employ in experiments. So great is the reciprocal affinity between this element and other substances, that we cannot procure it disengaged from all combination. In the atmosphere it is united with caloric, in the state of oxygen gas, and this again is mixed with about two thirds of its weight of azotic gas.