The establishment of the gold standard for India is, therefore, primarily and in greatest part a governmental measure. As far as relates to such purely scientific phenomena and considerations, as have governed the European currencies for centuries, India still presents field for little or for very questionable observation.[22]
TABLE OF THE SURPLUS OR NET IMPORTS OF THE PRECIOUS METALS INTO INDIA
+---------+-----------+---------------+----------------+ | Year. | Gold. | Silver. | Council Bills. | +---------+-----------+---------------+----------------+ | 1835-6 | £329,918 | £1,611,896 | £2,045,254 | | 1836-7 | 419,724 | 1,338,882 | 2,042,232 | | 1837-8 | 430,870 | 1,966,944 | 1,706,184 | | 1838-9 | 258,925 | 2,645,130 | 2,346,592 | | 1839-40 | 226,643 | 1,650,471 | 1,439,525 | | 1840-1 | 137,312 | 1,401,670 | 1,174,450 | | 1841-2 | 165,623 | 1,283,228 | 2,589,283 | | 1842-3 | 211,161 | 2,952,445 | 1,197,438 | | 1843-4 | 406,523 | 3,695,442 | 2,801,731 | | 1844-5 | 710,100 | 1,988,561 | 2,516,951 | | 1845-6 | 544,476 | 932,490 | 3,065,709 | | 1846-7 | 846,949 | 1,378,249 | 3,097,042 | | 1847-8 | 1,039,116 | (_-491,191_) | 1,541,804 | | 1848-9 | 1,348,918 | 313,904 | 1,889,195 | | 1849-50 | 1,116,993 | 1,273,607 | 2,935,118 | | 1850-1 | 1,153,294 | 2,117,225 | 3,236,458 | | 1851-2 | 1,267,613 | 2,865,357 | 2,777,523 | | 1852-3 | 1,172,301 | 4,605,024 | 3,317,122 | | 1853-4 | 1,061,443 | 2,305,744 | 3,850,565 | | 1854-5 | 731,290 | 29,600 | 3,669,678 | | 1855-6 | 2,506,245 | 8,194,375 | 1,484,040 | | 1856-7 | 2,091,214 | 11,073,247 | 2,819,711 | | 1857-8 | 2,783,073 | 12,218,948 | 628,499 | | 1858-9 | 4,426,453 | 7,728,342 | 25,901 | | 1859-60 | 4,284,234 | 11,147,563 | 4,694 | | 1860-1 | 4,232,569 | 5,328,009 | 797 | | 1861-2 | 5,184,425 | 9,086,456 | 1,193,729 | | 1862-3 | 6,848,159 | 12,550,155 | 6,641,576 | | 1863-4 | 8,898,306 | 12,796,719 | 8,979,521 | | 1864-5 | 9,839,964 | 10,078,798 | 6,789,473 | | 1865-6 | 5,724,476 | 18,668,673 | 6,998,899 | | 1866-7 | 3,842,328 | 6,963,074 | 5,613,746 | | 1867-8 | 4,609,467 | 5,593,961 | 4,137,285 | | 1868-9 | 5,159,352 | 8,601,022 | 3,705,741 | | 1869-70 | 5,592,117 | 7,320,337 | 6,980,122 | | 1870-1 | 2,282,121 | 941,937 | 8,443,509 | | 1871-2 | 3,565,344 | 6,512,827 | 10,310,339 | | 1872-3 | 2,543,362 | 704,644 | 13,939,095 | | 1873-4 | 1,382,638 | 2,451,383 | 13,285,678 | | 1874-5 | 1,873,535 | 4,642,202 | 10,841,615 | +---------+-----------+---------------+----------------+