James Cochrane (15 September 1852 – 28 May 1905) was a Canadian construction contractor and politician, the Mayor of Montreal, Quebec between 1902 and 1904.
Cochrane was educated at the British Canadian School and Collegiate College, then began a career in construction-related activity. He was also a Canadian soldier deployed to fight the North-West Rebellion in 1885.
Besides his term as Mayor, Cochrane also served in provincial politics winning the Montréal division no. 4 riding in the 1900 and 1904 Quebec elections. He served in the 10th Legislative Assembly of Quebec concurrent with his service as Montreal Mayor. He was re-elected to a second provincial term in the 11th Assembly, but died in office at Montreal on 28 May 1905.