2. Those towns, however, only which composed the Doric Tripolis of Rhodes (a number which probably originated from the division of the tribes), together with Cnidos, Cos, and Halicarnassus, formed the regular Doric league (before the separation of Halicarnassus called the Hexapolis, afterwards the Pentapolis). The members of this alliance met on the Triopian promontory to celebrate in public national festivals the rites of Apollo and Demeter, which last were of extreme antiquity;(402) its influence in political affairs was however probably very inconsiderable.(403) But, besides those already mentioned, many towns and islands in this district were peopled by Dorians.(404) The small island of Telos, near Triopium, was probably dependent upon Lindos:(405) Nisyrus and Calydna (or Calymna) have been already mentioned; the inhabitants were Epidaurian Dorians, who belonged to the colony of Cos:(406) Carpathus also received some Argive colonists. It is said to have been taken by Ioclus, the son of Demoleon, an Argive by descent.(407) Syme also was colonised from Cnidos: of this town we shall make further mention when speaking of the Laconian settlements. The inhabitants of Astypalæa were partly derived from Megara;(408) their Doric origin is attested by the dialect of decrees now extant;(409) and by the same circumstance we are enabled to recognise as a Doric colony Anaphe,(410) which is situated near the Doric islands of Thera, Pholegandros,(411) and Melos; the position of these islands, together forming a chain across the southern part of the Ægæan sea, shows that they were colonized in a connected and regular succession. Myndus, however, upon the mainland had received inhabitants from the same town as Halicarnassus;(412) perhaps Mylasa had also had some connexion with the Dorians.(413) Cryassa in Caria was colonised by inhabitants of the Doric island of Melos.(414) Even Synnada and Noricum, further to the interior in Phrygia, had inhabitants of Doric origin;(415) yet the Spartan settlement in Noricum is a fact which it is difficult to understand; and with regard to the former we are wholly unable to state how the Dorians could have penetrated thus far.
I have now, though not without in some measure forestalling the regular course of these investigations, given an account of all the known cities in this territory which were founded by Dorians of Peloponnesus; and if to these we add the colonies from Rhodes upon the opposite coast of Asia, and the cities of Lycia founded from the island of Crete, in which the Doric dialect was doubtless spoken, we shall have before us a very extensive range of colonies belonging to that race. Some of these were probably dependent upon the more considerable; many on the contrary stood entirely alone, some very early disagreements having, as it appears, separated and estranged them from the league of the six towns.(416) Hence the Calymnians (or Calydnians) at a later period, on the occasion of embarrassing lawsuits, had recourse not to the larger states of the same race, but to the Iasians (who, though a colony from Argos, had afterwards learned the habits and character of the Ionic race by a settlement from Miletus),(417) which nation sent them five judges. This circumstance, however, may be accounted for by a temporary resemblance of their constitutions.(418)
