The Wrexham and Minera Railway or Wrexham and Minera Branch was a railway line in North Wales between the city of Wrexham, the village of Brymbo where it served the Brymbo Steelworks, and the lead mines and limeworks at Minera. A further branch ran from Brymbo to Coed Talon, where it connected with lines to Mold. The system was constructed in several stages between 1844 and 1872, while the various lines making up the system closed in 1952, 1972 and 1982.
A directly competing route to Brymbo was opened by the Wrexham, Mold and Connah's Quay Railway in the 1880s. It closed in stages between 1954 and 1970.
History
The railway was one of several constructed to serve the intensive quarrying, mining and iron founding operations in the area west of Wrexham, which were undergoing considerable expansion in the mid 19th century thanks to exploitation of the underlying Middle Coal Measures.
Construction
The section of line between Brymbo and Minera had originally been part of the former North Wales Mineral Railway, built in 1844 and later incorporated into the Great Western Railway. This line's operation was constrained by the rope-worked inclines, locally known as "brakes", and had 2 tunnels along its route through the hilly country between Wheatsheaf Junction, near Wrexham, and Brymbo.
As a result of the expanding traffic on the line and the bottleneck created by the inclines, an Act of 1861 proposed that a new railway, the Wrexham and Minera Railway, would be constructed from Croes Newydd, at Wrexham on the main Shrewsbury-Chester line of the Great Western Railway to Brymbo, where it would join the GWR's existing route to Minera. The new railway company would have a capital of £48,000 in total (£36,000 of which would be in shares) and the power to enter into agreement with GWR on operational matters and division of receipts.
George Robert Jebb, who had previously worked on the Shrewsbury-Chester route, was appointed Resident Engineer. After 18 months construction the line was opened without ceremony on 22 May 1862. The new trackbed was dual track and joined the old single track formation just past Brymbo tunnel, thereby removing the use of both tunnels, the Brymbo tunnel was described as "delapidated". The new line involved the construction of twelve bridges, and a large area with 6 new sidings was provided at Croes Newydd goods Station which took over from Wheatsheaf station for invoicing traffic on the line. In June 1866 the line was jointly leased to the GWR and LNWR, within whose "sphere of influence" it fell. A short branch was also constructed through to the colliery at Vron, owned by William Low, one of the Wrexham and Minera company's directors.
In the 1870s a further extension, the Wrexham and Minera Joint Railway, was built from Brymbo through to an end-on connection with the LNWR's Ffrith Branch, which ran from Llanfynydd to Coed Talon near Mold. This line was jointly operated by the GWR and the LNWR - the only line in North Wales to be so operated. The completion of this link through the Cegidog valley not only gave the GWR a route to Mold, but allowed the LNWR access to the North Wales Coalfield.
The construction of the Wrexham-Brymbo line led to the immediate abandonment of the North Wales Mineral Railway's original Brymbo (or "Brake") tunnel and incline. There was a successful application to use one end of the Brymbo tunnel to store explosives in 1872, in which it was stated that the centre of the tunnel had fallen in due to "undermining of the ground". The lower section of the NWMR route from Wheatsheaf Junction, through Summerhill Tunnel, to the collieries in the Moss valley remained in use as the Wheat Sheaf and Ffrwd Branch until 1908.
Introduction of passenger services
Between 1882 and 1905 the GWR gradually introduced passenger services between Wrexham and Minera, in response to requests from local communities. Halts or stations were located at Plas Power (Southsea), the Lodge, Brymbo, Brymbo West, Pentresaeson (for Bwlchgwyn), Coedpoeth, and Vicarage Crossing (Minera), with a passenger terminus at the rather remote Berwig Halt. From 1905 the GWR began operating a railmotor service, with as many as fifteen workings on Saturdays. The LNWR ran its own passenger trains from Mold south to the joint station at Brymbo.