Long. of Planets. Masses. Mean distances. Eccentricities. Perihelion. [JUPITER] 1/1648 494.800.000 0.0481 11° [SATURN] 1/3310 907.162.000 0.0561 89 [URANUS] 1/23000 1824.290.000 0.0166 167 [NEPTUNE] 1/20000 2854.000.000 0.0088 0 [VOLCANO] 1/28000 4464.000.000
No. of spots in Dates. Rad. vector. Sun's long. Ordinates. Schwabe's table. Jan. 1, 1826 528,000 320° + 84 118 " 1827 480,000 339 + 36 161 " 1828 432,000 352 - 12 Max. 225 Max. " 1829 397,000 38 - 47 199 " 1830 858,000 71 - 86 190 " 1831 324,000 104 - 120 149 " 1832 311,000 144 - 133 84 " 1833 300,000 183 - 144 Min. 33 Min. " 1834 307,000 220 - 137 51 " 1835 338,000 263 - 106 173 " 1836 380,000 302 - 55 272 " 1837 419,000 337 + 25 Max. 333 Max. " 1838 488,000 3 + 44 282 " 1839 651,000 29 + 107 162 " 1840 632,000 51 + 188 152 " 1841 680,000 80 + 236 102 " 1842 730,000 105 + 286 68 " 1843 160,000 128 + 322 34 Min. " 1844 188,000 152 + 339 Min. 52 " 1845 772,000 174 + 328 114 " 1846 728,000 196 + 284 157 " 1847 660,000 218 + 216 " 1848 563,000 240 + 119 Observed. Max. " 1849 447,000 261 + 3 Max. " 1850 309,000 283 - 135 " 1851 170,000 323 - 274 " 1852 53,000 41 - 391 Min. " 1853 167,000 133 - 277 " 1854 315,000 160 - 129 " 1855 475,000 183 + 31 Max. " 1856 611,000 203 + 167 " 1857 720,000 225 + 276
It is necessary to observe here, that the values of the numbers in Schwabe's table are the numbers for the whole year, and, therefore, the 1st of July would have been a better date for the comparison; but, as the table was calculated before the author was cognizant of the fact, and being somewhat tedious to calculate, he has left it as it was, viz., for January 1st of each year. Hence, the minimum for 1843 appears as pertaining to 1844. The number of spots ought to be inversely as the ordinates approximately--these last being derived from the Radii Vectores minus, the semi-diameter of the sun = 444,000 miles.
In passing judgment on this relation, it must also be borne in mind, that the recognized masses of the planets cannot be the true masses, if the theory be true. Both sun and planets are under-estimated, yet, as they are, probably, all to a certain degree proportionally undervalued, it will not vitiate the above calculation much.