150 Lucian, _Rhetorum praeceptor_, 11; Hyginus, _Fab._ 270.
151 Clement of Alexandria, _Protrept._ ii. 33, p. 29, ed. Potter.
152 W. H. Engel, _Kypros_, ii. 585, 612; A. Maury, _Histoire des Religions de la Grèce Antique_ (Paris, 1857-1859), iii. 197, note 3.
153 Arnobius, _Adversus Nationes_, vi. 22; Clement of Alexandria, _Protrept._ iv. 57, p. 51, ed. Potter; Ovid, _Metam._ x. 243-297. The authority for the story is the Greek history of Cyprus by Philostephanus, cited both by Arnobius and Clement. In Ovid’s poetical version of the legend Pygmalion is a sculptor, and the image with which he falls in love is that of a lovely woman, which at his prayer Venus endows with life. That King Pygmalion was a Phoenician is mentioned by Porphyry (_De abstinentia_, iv. 15) on the authority of Asclepiades, a Cyprian.
155 Probus, on Virgil, _Ecl._ x. 18. I owe this reference to my friend Mr. A. B. Cook.
156 In his treatise on the political institutions of Cyprus, Aristotle reported that the sons and brothers of the kings were called “lords” (ἄνακτες), and their sisters and wives “ladies” (ἄνασσαι). See Harpocration and Suidas, _s.v._ Ἄνακτες. Compare Isocrates, ix. 72; Clearchus of Soli, quoted by Athenaeus, vi. 68, p. 256 A. Now in the bilingual inscription of Idalium, which furnished the clue to the Cypriote syllabary, the Greek version gives the title Ϝάναξ as the equivalent of the Phoenician _Adon_ (אדן). See _Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum_, i. No. 89; G. A. Cooke, _Text-book of North-Semitic Inscriptions_, p. 74, note 1.
157 Josephus, _Contra Apionem_, i. 18, ed. B. Niese; Appian, _Punica_, i; Virgil, _Aen._ i. 346 _sq._; Ovid, _Fasti_, iii. 574; Justin, xviii. 4; Eustathius on Dionysius Periegetes, 195 (_Geographi Graeci Minores_, ed. C. Müller Paris, 1882, ii. 250 _sq._).
158 Pumi-yathon, son of Milk-yathon, is known from Phoenician inscriptions found at Idalium. See G. A. Cooke, _Text-book of North-Semitic Inscriptions_, Nos. 12 and 13, pp. 55 _sq._, 57 _sq._ Coins inscribed with the name of King Pumi-yathon are also in existence. See G. F. Hill, _Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Cyprus_ (London, 1904), pp. xl. _sq._, 21 _sq._, pl. iv. 20-24. He was deposed by Ptolemy (Diodorus Siculus, xix. 79. 4). Most probably he is the Pymaton of Citium who purchased the kingdom from a dissolute monarch named Pasicyprus some time before the conquests of Alexander (Athenaeus, iv. 63, p. 167). In this passage of Athenaeus the name Pymaton, which is found in the MSS. and agrees closely with the Phoenician Pumi-yathon, ought not to be changed into Pygmalion, as the latest editor (G. Kaibel) has done.