+VI.+ +Data pro quinque octo milia militum; pars dimidia cives, pars socii.+
+dimidia+ √+med-+, +mid-+ = _middle_, so +dimidius+ = +dis + medius+.
(ii.) _Translation._--This sentence is very simple: notice that here, too, +sunt+ and +erant+ are omitted.
_Eight thousand soldiers were given him instead of five: half were citizens, half allies._
+VII.+ +Et ipse aliquantum voluntariorum in itinere ex agris concivit, ac prope duplicate exercitu, in Lucanos pervenit, ubi Hannibal, nequiquam secutus Claudium, substiterat.+
+aliquantum+ = _considerable_, used in the neuter as a noun, with a partitive genitive +voluntariorum+. Cf. use of +satis+, +parum+, etc.
+concivit+ = _raised_, lit. roused, stirred up. Cf. +ci-eo+, and our _ex-cite_, _in-cite_.
+substiterat+ = _had halted_. +si-st-o+ is only a form of +sto+ strengthened by reduplication (cf. ἵστημι) with a causal force. Cf. +restitit+, p. 27, sentence iv. [[Demonstration II:iv]]
(ii.) _Translation._--The principal subject is clearly +ipse+; there are two principal verbs, +concivit+ and +pervenit+, coupled by +ac+, and one subordinate clause, +ubi ... substiterat+, introduced by +ubi+, and modifying +pervenit+.
The sense is so clear that you may translate at once into good English:--
_Moreover he himself raised a considerable number of volunteers in the country during his march; and so, with his numbers nearly doubled, he reached Lucania, where Hannibal, after his fruitless chase of Claudius, had halted._
The following version was shown up by a boy of fifteen in a recent scholarship examination:
‘Hannibal in _carrying on his successful campaign met with some different luck in this district_. Marcus Centenius, whose cognomen was Penula, was famous among the centurions of the first rank for his huge limbs and great courage. This man, after having accomplished his years of military training, on being introduced into the Senate by the Prætor P. Cornelius Sulla, requested the Patricians to give him 5000 soldiers. He said that he was well acquainted both with the enemy’s tactics and the district round about, and in a short time _would convert the engagement into a prize for the State_: moreover, he added, I will employ the same tactics against the _enemy_ as those by which our generals and troops have been captured in these parts. This was _faithfully_ believed as it was _faithfully_ promised: the tactics of the soldiers and of the commanders were so much alike! He received 8000 men instead of 5000: half of them were Roman citizens, half allies: moreover he himself _got_ some volunteers while on the march in the country districts and so almost doubled his army: he thus reached the territory of the Lucani, where Hannibal after a fruitless pursuit after Claudius, had taken up his position.’