The internal evidence is wholly of one sort, _viz._, that which we collect from the names of geographical localities. One of the common terminations in the map of ancient Gaul is the word -_briga_ (as in Eburo-_briga_), which takes the slightly different forms of -_briva_, and -_brica_--Baudo-_brica_, Samaro-_briva_. Now compounds of -_briga_ are exceedingly common in Spain. They occur in all the parts to which _Celtici_ or _Celtiberi_ are referred, _and in a great many more besides_. Hence the internal evidence--as far, at least, as the compounds in -_briga_ are concerned--gives us a larger Keltic area (or more Keltiberians) than the testimony of authors; indeed it gives us the whole of the peninsula except Andalusia, a fact which explains the import of a previous remark as to absence of compounds ending in -_briga_ south of the Sierra Morena. It is rare, too, in Catalonia--perhaps non-existent.

Tested, however, by the presence of the form in question, Valentia on the west, and all Portugal (the ancient Lusitania) on the east, were Keltiberic--as may be seen by reference to any map of ancient Spain.

The Ethnology of Europe — Part 19

But there are serious objections to the usual inference from this compound. It is nearly the only geographical term of which the form is Keltic. And this is a remarkable instance of isolation. The terminations -_durum_, -_magus_, and -_dunum_, all of which are far commoner in Gaul than even -_briga_ itself, are nowhere to be found. Neither are the Gallic prefixes, such as _tre_-, _nant_-, _ver_-, &c. Hence, it is strange that, if Spain were Keltic, only one Keltic form should have come down to us. Where are the rest? I am inclined to believe that the inference as to such a Spanish name as, _e.g._, Talo-_briga_, being Keltic, on the strength of such undoubted Gallic words as Eboro-_briga_, is no better than the assertion that the Jewish name Samp-_son_ was in the same category with the English names John-_son_ and Thomp-_son_ would be. Such accidental resemblances are by no means uncommon. The termination -_dun_ is as common in Keltic, as the termination -_tun_ is in German. Yet they are wholly independent formations. At the same time I cannot deny that the internal and external evidence partially support each other.

The Ethnology of Europe — Part 19