(a) Enlargements of +BALBUS+--+vir optimus ... carus+; placed, therefore, directly _after_ +BALBUS+.
(b) Enlargements of +MURUM+--+laterīcium ... persuaderes+; placed, therefore, directly _after_ +MURUM+.
+rogitantibus ... relinqueret+ = the _cause_ of the building of the wall.
+(murum) non sine ... adfectaret+ = the _attendant circumstances_ of the building of the wall; placed, therefore, _before_ +AEDIFICAVIT+.
(3) In English we must translate by at least three separate sentences, and, where necessary, translate participles as finite verbs, and change dependent clauses into independent sentences.
It has been well said: ‘An English sentence does not often exhibit the structure of the Period. It was imitated, sometimes with great skill and beauty, by many of the earlier writers of English prose; but its effect is better seen in poetry, as in the following passage:--
“High on a throne of royal state, which far Outshone the wealth of Ormuz and of Ind, Or where the gorgeous East with richest hand Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold, Satan exalted sat.”’
+12. Help through a Knowledge of the Order of Words in Latin.+--If you study the examples already given of the Period you will see that the +Order of Words in English+ differs very much from the +Order of Words in Latin+.
Dr. Abbott writes as follows: ‘The main difference between English and Latin is that in English the _meaning_ depends mainly on the _order_ of words, and the _emphasis_ mainly on the _voice_, while in Latin the _meaning_ depends almost entirely on the _inflexions_, and the _emphasis_ upon the _order_.’
Thus, if we take the English sentence, _Caesar conquered the Gauls_, we cannot invert the order of _Caesar_ and _Gauls_ without entirely changing the meaning. In Latin, however, we may write (since each Latin word has its own proper inflexion, serving almost as a label)
+Caesar vicit Gallos+: +Gallos Caesar vicit+: +Caesar Gallos vicit+, without any change of meaning except that of shifting the emphasis from one word to another.
The usual order of words in a Latin Prose Sentence may be said to be
(1) Particles, or phrases of connection (with some exceptions, _e.g._ +vero+, +autem+, +quidem+, +enim+, which stand second).