1599 8,000,000 Ducats. 1600 9,926,192 " 1600 10,000,000 " 1601 1,000,000 " 1602 10,000,000 " 1603 7,000,000 " 1604 14,500,000 " 1606 9,000,000 Ducats. 1606 4,500,000 " 1607 12,200,000 Pesos. 1608 9,000,000 Ducats. 1609 10,600,000 " 1610 10,000,000 "
[Footnote 10: For further details of the troubles of 1632-36, see Vicomte D'Avenel, _Histoire de la propriété, etc._, i. 120, 121.]
[Footnote 11: Such is the statement of the proclamation itself. The difference between the ratios as there proclaimed and the ratios given in the table, pp. 40 and 69, is presumably due to the calculation being made on the mark of pure metal. For the character of these figures of ratios see the Preface.]
[Footnote 13: "The second (cause for the decay of the trade of Spain) is the residence of many Genoa merchants amongst them, who are found in good numbers to abide in every good city, especially on the sea coasts, whose skill and acuteness in trade far surpassing the native Spaniards and Portuguese, and who, by means of their wealth and continual practice of exchanges, are found to devour that bread which the inhabitants might otherwise be sufficiently fed with; and by reason that the King of Spain is ever engaged to their commonwealth for great and vast sums at interest, he is their debtor, not only for their moneys, but also for their favour, which by many immunities throughout his kingdom he is found continually to requite them, and amongst the rest it is observed that there is no Genoa merchant resident in Spain, or any part, but has a particular licence to transport the _rials_ and _plate_ of this kingdom to a certain round sum yearly, which they seldom use really to do, but sell the same to other nations that are constrained to make their returns in plate for want of other more beneficial commodities, which, for the certain profit it is found ever to yield in other countries, is often preferred before all the other commodities of the kingdom."--_Lewis Robert's Map of Commerce_, p. 165.]
[Footnote 14: By the action of bimetallic law is meant any action of bad money on good--of worn money on new--of higher rated (or lower valuable) money on lower rated (or higher valuable) money. It does not at all matter, especially in cases of debasement, whether there are two metals in the process or only one or even three. If a currency is silver, and part of it is debased and part left good there is bimetallic action, and the good disappears. Of course, the case is argumentatively and for deduction's sake much clearer if a currency is truly bimetallic in the ordinary sense.]