Foreign relations exist between Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. Azerbaijan has an embassy in Astana and a consulate in Aktau. Kazakhstan has an embassy in Baku.
Many Azeris and Kazakhs, as well as the head of both states usually refer to it as the Azeri-Kazakh brotherhood and consider each other an ally and kindred nation.
Both countries were part of the Achaemenid Empire, Sassanid Empire, Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, Great Seljuk Empire, Russian Empire and Soviet Union. Following the Dissolution of the Soviet Union both countries declared their independence. Diplomatic relations were established on August 27, 1992. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), Organization of Turkic States, Joint Administration of Turkic Arts and Culture, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
Cultural relations
Azerbaijanis and Kazakhs are both Turkic-speaking people and share close historical, religious and cultural ties. Both are littoral states of the Caspian Sea and possess a common maritime border. During the Great Purge in the Soviet Union, more than 150,000 Azerbaijanis immigrated to Kazakhstan and the current Azeri population reaches 85,000. Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan see each other as main allies and partners in Central Asia and Transcaucasia. Both countries are members of Turkic Council and Joint Administration of Turkic Arts and Culture. Famous Azerbaijani singer-songwriter and diplomat/politician Polad Bülbüloğlu was awarded with National Award of Peace and Progress for his special contribution to peace, friendship and resolution of cultural problems in the Turkic-speaking world. Ilham Aliyev was awarded with being an Honorary Professor of L.N.Gumilev Eurasian National University while his father Heydar Aliyev was named an honorary doctor of the Kazakh National University (which was named after Al-Farabi). Nursultan Nazarbayev was a presenter at the celebration honouring the "One thousand three hundredth anniversary of the epic Azerbaijani legend Book of Dede Korkut".
On 25 September 2006, the Azerbaijani Culture Center named after Imadaddin Nasimi was opened in Jambyl province of Kazakhstan. Since 2007, the Azerbaijani diaspora publishes a newspaper named "Vətən" in Kazakhstan. Besides that, Sumgayit and Aktau are twin towns. There is a monument in Kazakhstan dedicated to victims of Stalin's repressions in Azerbaijan. In 2011, Baku State University opened a center named after Kazakh poet Abai Qunanbaiuli.
Political relations
Ex-President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev and President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev reportedly were close friends for a long time. Nazarbayev have stated that:
The heads of both states visit each other regularly. Heydar Aliyev paid a visit to Kazakhstan in order to take part in the 150th anniversary of Abay Kunanbayev. Heydar Aliyev was awarded with the medal "Astana" for his services in the development of friendly relations with Kazakhstan.
During the Aliyev presidency, Azeri-Kazakh relations mostly covered the legal status of the Caspian Sea and the fields of agriculture and energy. A new impulse toward developing Azerbaijani–Kazakhstani relations was given by a state visit of current Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev to Astana in March 2004, and a state visit of President Nursultan Nazarbayev to Azerbaijan in May 2005. A number of bilateral instruments, including the "Strategic Partnership and Allies' Relations Treaty", were signed. Both presidents regularly conduct an official visit to each country for discussing economical development, strategic alliance and co-operation in other areas, particularly on the transportation of Caspian oil and gas to world markets. Both presidents have emphasized the importance of the role Kazakhstan has in large-scale projects, especially in Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan.
Prime Minister of Azerbaijan Artur Rasizade participated in the inaugural ceremony of Kazakh President on January 11–12, 2006 in Astana.
One of the priority directions in bilateral cooperation is co-ordination of the legal status of the Caspian Sea. On November 29, 2001, the presidents of both countries signed the "Agreement on Delimitation of the Bottom of the Caspian Sea" during a CIS summit in Moscow.