[392] The discussions of population most frequently mentioned are:--W. Godwin, _Thoughts occasioned by Dr. Parr's Spital Sermon_, etc., 1801; R. Southey, in (Aikin's) _Annual Review for 1803_, pp. 292-301; Thomas Jarrold, _Dissertations on Man_, etc., 1806; W. Hazlitt, _Reply to the Essay on Population_, 1807; A. Ingram, _Disquisitions on Population_, 1808; John Weyland, _Principles of Population_, etc., 1806; James Grahame, _Inquiry into the Principle of Population_, 1816; George Ensor, _Inquiry concerning the Population of Nations_, 1818; W. Godwin, _On Population_, 1820; Francis Place, _Principles of Population_, 1822; David Booth, _Letter to the Rev. T. R. Malthus_, 1823; M. T. Sadler, _Law of Population_, 1830; A. Alison, _Principles of Population_, 1840; T. Doubleday, _True Law of Population_, 1842.
[393] _Quarterly Review_, Dec. 1812 (reprinted in Southey's _Moral and Political Essays_, 1832).
[394] _Quarterly Review_, July 1817, by (Archbishop) Sumner, Malthus's commentator in the _Records of Creation_. Ricardo's _Letters to Trower_, p. 47.
[395] _Spence's Tracts on Political Economy_ were collected with a preface in 1822. Spence is better known as an entomologist, and collaborated with William Kirby.
[398] Chalmers's _Works_ were published in twenty-five volumes in 1841-42.
[400] This essay is not in his collected _Works_, though in vol. xxi. it is promised for the next volume.
[402] Mill's _Political Economy_, bk. i. ch. v. § 7 and 8. See Chalmers, xix. 140.
[416] See _Ibid._ xix. 171. J. S. Mill speaks of Chalmers's speculations with a respect which it is difficult to understand.
[417] Chalmers holds that the Ricardian doctrine of rent inverts the true order. Fertile lands do not pay rent because poor lands are brought into cultivation, but poor lands are cultivated because fertile lands pay rent. He apparently wishes, like Malthus, to regard rent as a blessing, not a curse. The point is not worth arguing. See _Works_, xix. 320.
[425] The copy of Malthus's second edition with Coleridge's notes used by Southey is in the British Museum.
[427] _Thoughts occasioned by Dr. Parr's Spital Sermon._ A copy annotated by Coleridge is in the British Museum.
[430] Lines added to Goldsmith's _Traveller_.