Memory, Truth and Justice processes (Spanish: Procesos de Memoria, Verdad y Justicia) is the name with which the processes that culminate in trials for crimes against humanity carried out against those responsible for human rights violations committed in the context of state terrorism during the last civil-ecclesiastical-military dictatorship in Argentina between 1976 and 1983 are referred to. These include the actions of Human Rights organizations, such as Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo or HIJOS, as well as different public policies such as the creation of CONADEP, the creation of reparation laws, the restitution of appropriated children, the Trials for the Truth, the marking of Sites of Memory in Argentina in the areas where clandestine detention centers operated and the creation of Spaces of Memory.
These processes, which seek to uncover the truth about historical events, aim to combat impunity for Argentine repressors and genocide perpetrators. These processes of consolidation of democracy have made Argentina an international benchmark in the field of human rights.
CONADEP
The National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons (CONADEP, Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas) was an advisory commission created by President Raúl Alfonsín on December 15, 1983, to investigate the serious, repeated and planned human rights violations committed during the military dictatorship. The commission traveled throughout the country in search of testimonies of survivors, relatives, repressors and buildings used as detention centers; they made an inventory of all reported disappearances and all clandestine centers; they made maps, classified the accounts and made an analysis in order to reconstruct the mode of operation of State Terrorism. The commission produced a final report, called Never Again, which recorded the existence of 8,961 disappeared persons and 380 clandestine detention centers.
Trialof the Military Juntas
In 1984, the Federal Chamber displaced the military court in view of the evidence of the military justice system's unjustified delay in prosecuting the military juntas, and took over the case directly. The trial was of great international importance, especially for the region, where in neighboring countries such as Chile, Uruguay and Brazil, which suffered similar crimes, it was impossible to bring the repressors to justice and their criminals were never convicted. Between April 22 and August 14, 1985, the trial was held in which 833 people testified, including former disappeared detainees, families of the victims and security forces personnel. The trial demonstrated the responsibility of the junta leaders and the falsity of any hypothesis about "excesses typical of any military action" as the commanders claimed.