1. Adjectives in _-er_ (_-ier_) and _-or_, coming from _-arium_ and _-ōrium_, regularly have feminines in _-eira_ (_-ieira_) and _-oira_. By the analogy of the masculine, there is a feminine in _-era_ in parts of the west; by the analogy of the feminine, there is a masculine in _-eir_ in Auvergne. The i of _vair_ probably comes from the feminine _vaira_ and from the verb _vairar_. The noun _feira_ sometimes becomes _fiera_ like a feminine adjective.
Ssy, sc´y, sty ＞ s´, which in most of the territory became is, but in the west and the extreme east developed into i(t)š and (t)š: ✱_bassiāre_ ＞ baissar baichar bachar, ✱_angŭstia_ ＞ engọissa, ✱_ingrŏssiat_ ＞ engruęissa, _fascia_ ＞ faissa, ✱_grassiāre_ ＞ graissar, _pŏstea_ ＞ puęissas pueih püch, _ūstium_ ＞ üis.
Sy ＞ z´, which in most of the territory became iz, but in parts of the northeast, north, and west developed into i(d)ž and (d)ž, and in some scattered dialects gave y and z: _basium_ ＞ bais bai (§ 63), _basiare_ ＞ baisar baiiar baiar bayar basar, _quasi_ + vowel ＞ cais quaish, _camisia_ (cf. _Archiv für lateinische Lexikographie_, XII, 265) ＞ camiza, _cerĕsea_ (_Einf._, § 103) ＞ ciręiza cirięiia cerięya cerięza, _ma(n)siōnem_ ＞ maisọn maiiọn maiọn mayọ, _occasiōnem_ ＞ ochaizọ, _pre(hen)siōnem_ ＞ preisọ (cf. enpreyọna, ‘imprisons’), _quĭd se_ + vowel ＞ quẹis, Ger. _sazjan_ ＞ saisir, _to(n)siōnem_ ＞ toisọ.
T-g ＞ dž: ✱_coratĭcum_ ＞ corage, ✱_paratĭcum_ ＞ parage, _viaticum_ ＞ viatie. For _messatgue_, etc., see § 65, (3).
Try apparently became ir: _atrium_? ＞ aire, _arbĭtrium_ ＞ albire.
Ty ＞ apparently t´ ＞ d´ ＞ generally d´z´,[73] which in most of the west and north became dz, but in the south and east developed into idz; dz and idz, when they remained medial, were reduced, before and during the literary period, to z and iz: ✱_altĭtia_ ＞ altẹza, ✱_bellĭtia_ ＞ belẹza, _malĭtia_ ＞ malẹza, _pigrĭtia_ ＞ perẹza, ✱_prĕtiat_ ＞ pręza, ✱_rikĭtia_ ＞ riquẹza; _palatium_ ＞ palatz palaitz palais (§ 64), _pŭteum_ ＞ pọtz püis, _prĕtium_ ＞ prętz pręs, _solatium_ ＞ solatz solas; _potiōnem_ ＞ pozọn poizọn, ✱_pretiāre_ ＞ prezar, _ratiōnem_ ＞ razọ raizọn, _s(t)atiōnem_ ＞ sazọ saizọn. The forms without i prevail in the literary language, and in words in which the dz comes after the accent (especially in the ending -ẹza) they seem to have encroached largely upon the ground of the others.[74] According to some philologists, the development of ty differed according to its position before or after the accent: for a brief bibliography of the discussion, see _Zs._, XXVII, 689. In learned words we find _zi_, _ci_, _çi_, _ti_: _estimatio_, _iustizia_ _-icia_ _-ecia_ _-eçia_, _natio_ _nacio_, _negoci_, _servizi_ _-ici_ (cf. A. Horning, Zs., XXIV, 545, XXV, 736, XXXI, 200).