Afanasy () is the Russian form of Athanasios, a Greek name meaning "immortal". It may refer to:
People: Afanasy Bagration, Prince Adarnase of Kartli (1707–1784), Georgian prince royal and Russian Empire general Afanasy Beloborodov (1903–1990), Russian general Afanasy Fet (1820–1892), Russian poet Afanasy Grigoriev (1782–1868), Russian architect Afanasy Nikitin (died 1472), Russian merchant and traveler Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin (1605–1680), Russian statesman Afanasy Razmaritsyn (1844–1917), Russian-Ukrainian painter Afanasy Seredin-Sabatin (1860–1921), Russian architect and journalist, first Western architect to live and work in the Korean Empire Afanasy Shchapov (1830–1876), Russian historian
Fictional people: Afanasy Ivanovich Tovstogub, the main character of Nikolai Gogol's short story The Old World Landowners
The surname Afanasyev () is derived from the name. The surname Afonin () is derived from Afonya, the short form of the name.