CHRONICLE OF THE SOCIAL MOVEMENT (1750-1896).
These tables contain the first attempt to make a synchronistic presentation of the most important dates in the modern social, that is, the proletarian, movement. We here specify these dates for the chief countries, England, France, Germany; and as well for the international activity of the working-men's movement. In addition, the most important occurrences in the development of capitalism and of social legislation, so far as they have relation of cause or effect with the social movement, are indicated in heavy type.
======+=================+=================+=================+================= YEAR.| ENGLAND. | FRANCE. | GERMANY. | INTERNATIONAL. ------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------- 1750-|Notable | | | 1800 |inventions of | | | |modern | | | |machinery: | | | |(1764-75. | | | |Spinning machine.| | | |1780. | | | |The puddling | | | |process. | | | |1785-90. | | | |The machine loom.| | | |1790. | | | |Steam engine. | | | |1799. | | | |Paper machine.) | | | |Rapid development| | | |of the great | | | |centres of | | | |industry. | | | |"Machine Riots." | | | |Petitions to | | | |forbid legally | | | |machines and | | | |manufactories, | | | |and to | | | |reintroduce the | | | |Elizabethan trade| | | |ordinances. | | | |Laws for the | | | |protection of | | | |machines. | | | | | | | 1776 |Adam Smith | | | |(1723-90). | | | |"Wealth of | | | |Nations." | | | | | | | 1796 | |Babeuf's | | | |conspiracy, or | | | |"The Equals." | | | | | | 1800 |Robert Owen | | | |(1771-1858; chief| | | |writings: "A New | | | |View of Society,"| | | |"Book of the New | | | |Moral World"). | | | |Enters the Dale | | | |manufactory at | | | |Lanark. | | | | | | | |Rigorous | | | |prohibition of | | | |combination. | | | | | | | 1808 | |Charles Fourier's| | | |(1772-1837) first| | | |great book | | | |appears: "Théorie| | | |de quatre | | | |mouvements" | | | |(1822: "Théorie | | | |de l'unité | | | |universelle," | | | |1824: "Le nouveau| | | |monde industriel | | | |et sociétaire"). | | | | | | 1813-|Complete removal | | | 1814 |of the | | | |Elizabethan trade| | | |restrictions. | | | | | | | 1815-|Struggle of the | | | 1832 |proletariat for | | | |political rights.| | | | | | | 1819 |The "Savannah" | | | |arrives at | | | |Liverpool. | | | | | | | 1821 | |Saint Simon's | | | |(1760-1825) chief| | | |work, "Du Système| | | |Industriel," | | | |appears (1825: | | | |"Nouveau | | | |Christianisme"). | | | | | | 1825 |More liberal | | | |coalition law. | | | | | | | |Rise of the Trade| | | |Unions. | | | | | | | 1830 |Opening of the | | | |Manchester- | | | |Liverpool | | | |Railroad. | | | | | | | 1830-| |July Kingdom. | | 1848 | |Rapid economic | | | |development; | | | |"Enrichissez- | | | |vous, messieurs."| | | | | | 1830-| |The movement of | | 1832 | |Bazard and | | | |Enfantin, the | | | |disciples of | | | |Saint Simon. | | | | | | 1831 | |Insurrection of | | | |the silk workers | | | |in Lyons: "Vivre | | | |en travaillant ou| | | |mourir en | | | |combattant." | | | | | | 1833 |Beginnings of | | | |specific | | | |legislation for | | | |working-men. | | | | | | | 1834 |Grand national | |Founding of the | |consolidated | |German | |trade union, in | |Zollverein. | |the spirit of | |Beginnings of | |Robert Owen. | |national | | | |industry. | | | | | 1836 | |Beginning of the | |The "Junger | |"Journalistic" | |Deutschland" in | |period of | |Switzerland. | |Fourierism under | |"Bund der | |Victor | |Gerechten"; | |Considerant. | |with its | |Appearance of the| |central office | |Christian | |in London after | |socialists (De La| |1840. | |Mennais); the | | | |"Icarian | | | |Communism" of | | | |Cabet (Voyage en | | | |Icarie, 1840). | | | | | | 1836 | |Beginning of the | | | |economic unions | | | |(Buchez, born | | | |1796). | | | | | | 1837-|The Chartist | | | 1848 |movement. Six | | | |points. Lovett. | | | |Feargus O'Connor.| | | | | | | 1839-|Activity of | | | 1854 |Thomas Carlyle | | | |("Past and | | | |Present," 1843), | | | |and the Christian| | | |socialists | | | |(Charles | | | |Kingsley, Thomas | | | |Hughes, J.D. | | | |Maurice). | | | | | | | 1839 | |Louis Blanc | | | |(1813-1882): | | | |"Organisation du | | | |travail." | | | | | | 1840 |Rowland Hill's |Fullest | | |penny postage is |development of | | |introduced. The |anarchistic- | | |telegraph is |communistic | | |first applied to |clubbism and | | |English |conspiracy in | | |railroads. |"Société des | | | |Travailleurs | | | |egalitaires." | | | | | | | |P.J. Proudhon | | | |(1809-1865). | | | |"Qu'est-ce que la| | | |propriété?" | | | | | | 1844 |The Pioneers of | |Loom riots in | |Rochdale. | |Langenbielau u.