[77] See E.D. Cope, _P. Amer. Phil. Soc_. vol. xxx. p. 185.
[78] See W.K. Parker, _Phil. Trans._ vol. 170, 1879, p. 595.
[81] See C.K. Hoffmann, in Bronn's _Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs_, Bd. VI., 3 abth. 1885-90.
[82] Some anatomists consider that the closing in of the brain case in front is entirely due to the frontals and parietals.
[83] E.D. Cope, _Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv._, 1875, vol. II., The vertebrata of the Cretaceous formations of the west. E.D. Cope, _P. Boston Soc._ 1862, XII. p. 250. O.C. Marsh, _Amer. J. Sci._, 1872, vol. 3. R. Owen, _Quart. J. Geol. Soc._, 1877, and 1878.
[84] J.W. Hulke, _Presidential address to the Geol. Soc. of London_, 1883 and 1884. O.C. Marsh, many papers in the _Amer. J. Sci._ from 1878 onwards, also in the _Geol. Mag._ R. Owen, _History of British fossil reptiles: Dinosauria_ (Palaeont. Soc.).
[85] The diagnostic characters of the different groups of Dinosaurs are in the main those given by von Zittel.
[86] See O.C. Marsh, _Amer. J. Sci._ (3), vol. 48, 1894, p. 85.
[87] See C.B. Brühl, _Das Skelet der Krokodiliden_, Wien, 1862. C.K. Hoffmann in Bronn's _Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs_, Bd. VI. Abth. III. 1881-85. T.H. Huxley, _Proc. Linn. Soc._ (Zoology) 1860 vol. IV. p. 1. R. Owen, _History of British fossil Reptiles_. _Crocodilia_ (Palaeont. Soc.). A. Smith Woodward, _Geol. Mag._ 1885, 3rd dec. II. p. 496. A. Smith Woodward, _Proc. of Geologists' Assoc._ vol. IX. p. 288, 1886.
[88] See H.G. Seeley, On the Organisation of the Ornithosauria, _Journ. Linn. Soc._ (Zoology) vol. XIII. p. 84. K.A. Zittel, Ueber Flugsaurier aus dem lithographischen schiefer, _Palaeontograph._ XXIX. p. 49.
The most striking feature as regards the skeleton of the Turtle is that the trunk is enveloped in a bony box, the dorsal portion of which is called the =carapace=, while the ventral portion is the =plastron=.
_a._ The =epidermal exoskeleton= in the Green Turtle as in all other Chelonia except _Dermochelys_, _Trionyx_ and their allies is strongly developed, its most important part consisting of a series of horny =shields= which cover over the bony plates of the carapace and plastron but do not at all correspond to them in size and arrangement.