With regard to the number of tests the following table may be referred to. The first vertical column gives the name of the questioner, i. e. the person operating with the horse. The four other columns give the number of tests made upon each of these. The name of the person who made the observation in each series is indicated at the head of the column. It is unnecessary to give the name of the observer of the horse, for the only difficulty lay in the observation of the questioner. The numerals I and II indicate two series taken at different times.
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- | v. H. | Pf. | Schu. | St. -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- Questioner. | I II | I II | I II | I II -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- v. Osten | 9 15 | 34 17 | - -- | 8 27 -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- Schillings | - -- | 19 17 | 6 16 | - -- -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- Pfungst | 6 13 | -- -- | - -- | 9 -- -----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
We have omitted from this table several tests in which the observer of the questioner noticed no head jerks whatever, and therefore could not arrest his stop-watch, although the horse responded correctly. Four tests of this kind were made by Mr. von Hornbostel, two by Mr. Pfungst, two by Mr. Schumann and five by Mr. Stumpf. In the case of Mr. Pfungst the horse gave the unusually high number of fifty taps. The attention of the observer had been taxed too long and had failed him (two seconds is the most favorable time). The head-jerk of Mr. von Osten evidently occurred during a lapse in Mr. Pfungst's attention and therefore remained unnoticed.
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- | v. H. | Pf. | Schu. | St. -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- Questioner. | I II | I II | I II | I II -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- R. | 44% 60% | 62% 88% | -- -- | 0% 48% V. Osten. | | | | W. | 56% 20% | 12% 0% | -- -- |100% 22% -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- R. |100% 92% | -- -- | -- -- |100% -- Pfungst. | | | | W. | 0% 0% | -- -- | -- -- | 0% -- -----------------+----------+----------+----------+---------- R. | -- -- | 74% 100% | 83% 100% | -- -- Schillings. | | | | W. | -- -- | 5% 0% | 17% 0% | -- -- -----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------