This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and type.
Minerals
There are over 300 types of minerals that have been used as gemstones. These include:
A–B
Actinolite
Nephrite () Adamite Aegirine Afghanite Agrellite Algodonite Alunite Amblygonite Analcime Anatase Andalusite Chiastolite Andesine Anglesite Anhydrite Annabergite Anorthite Antigorite Bowenite Apatite Apophyllite Aragonite Arfvedsonite Asbestos Astrophyllite Atacamite Augelite Austinite Axinite group: Ferroaxinite Magnesioaxinite Manganaxinite Tinzenite Azurmalachite Azurite Baryte Bastnaesite Bayldonite Benitoite Beryl subgroup: Aquamarine Maxixe Emerald Goshenite Golden beryl Heliodor Morganite Red beryl (Bixbite) Beryllonite Beudantite Bismutotantalite Biotite Boleite Boracite Bornite Brazilianite Breithauptite Brookite Brucite Bustamite Bytownite
C–F
Calcite
Manganoan calcite () Caledonite Canasite Cancrinite Vishnevite Carletonite Carnallite Cassiterite Catapleiite Cavansite Celestite Ceruleite Cerussite Chabazite Chalcopyrite Chambersite Charlesite Charoite Childrenite Chiolite Chondrodite Chrysoberyl Alexandrite () Cymophane Chromite Chrysocolla Chrysotile Cinnabar Clinochlore Clinohumite Clinozoisite Clintonite Cobaltite Colemanite Cordierite Iolite () Cornwallite Corundum Ruby () Sapphire () Padparadscha Golden sheen sapphire Covellite Creedite Crocoite Cryolite Cuprite Danburite Datolite Descloizite Diamond Bort Ballas Diaspore Dickinsonite Diopside Dioptase Dolomite Dumortierite Ekanite Elbaite Emerald Trapiche emerald () Enstatite Bronzite Hypersthene Eosphorite Epidote Piemontite Erythrite Esperite Ettringite Euclase Eudialyte Euxenite Fayalite Feldspar subgroup: Andesine Albite Anorthite Anorthoclase Amazonite Bytownite Celsian Microcline Moonstone Adularia () Rainbow () Orthoclase Unakite Plagioclase Albite Labradorite Oligoclase Sanidine Sunstone Oregon sunstone Rainbow lattice sunstone Fergusonite Ferroaxinite Fluorapatite Fluorapophyllite Fluorite Forsterite Friedelite
G–L
Gadolinite
Gahnite
Gahnospinel
Garnet group: Pyralspite Almandine Pyrope Spessartine Ugrandite Andradite Demantoid Melanite Topazolite Grossular Hessonite Hydrogrossular Tsavorite Uvarovite Almandine-pyrope Rhodolite Andradite-grossular Grandite (Mali garnet) Pyrope-almandine-spessartine Malaia garnet Pyrope-spessartine Umbalite Gaspeite Gaylussite Gibbsite Glaucophane Goethite Goosecreekite Grandidierite Gypsum Gyrolite Halite Hambergite Hanksite Hardystonite Hauyne Helenite Hematite Hemimorphite Herderite Hexagonite Hibonite Hiddenite Hodgkinsonite Holtite Howlite Huebnerite Humite Hureaulite Hurlbutite Hyperitdiabas Ilmenite Inderite Jade Jadeite Chloromelanite Nephrite Jasper Jeremejevite Kainite Kämmererite Kaolinite Kornerupine Kutnohorite Kurnakovite Kyanite Langbeinite Lawsonite Lazulite Lazurite Legrandite Lepidolite Leucite Leucophanite Linarite Lizardite Londonite Ludlamite Ludwigite
M–Q
Magnesite
Malachite
Marialite-meionite
Wernerite () Marcasite Meliphanite Mellite Mesolite Microcline Microlite Milarite Millerite Mimetite Monazite Mordenite Mottramite Muscovite Fuchsite () Musgravite Nambulite Narsarsukite Natrolite Nepheline Neptunite Nickeline (Niccolite) Nosean Nuummite Olivine Opal Fire opal Moss opal Painite Palygorskite Papagoite Pargasite Parisite Pectolite Larimar Pentlandite Peridot Periclase Perthite Petalite (castorite) Pezzottaite Phenakite Phlogopite Phosgenite Phosphophyllite Phosphosiderite Piemontite Pietersite Plumbogummite Pollucite Polyhalite Poudretteite Powellite Prehnite Prismatine Prosopite Proustite Psilomelane Pumpellyite Chlorastrolite () Purpurite Pyrite Pyrargyrite Pyromorphite Pyrophyllite Pyroxmangite Pyrrhotite Quartz Amethyst () Ametrine () Aventurine () Chalcedony () Agate Iris agate Onyx Sardonyx Bloodstone (Heliotrope) Carnelian Chrome chalcedony Chrysoprase Dendritic agate Moss agate Fire agate (iridescent ) Jasper Petrified wood Sard Citrine () Druzy () Flint () Herkimer diamond () Milky quartz () Prasiolite () Radiolarite () Rose quartz () Rock crystal () Shocked quartz () Smoky quartz () Quartzite