This was the Arab (and Hebrew) Den = 58·2 gallons, divided into
4 Artaba of 14·55 gallons each of 4 Wuebe of 3·6375 „ each of 6 Saa of 0·6064 „
The Artaba was thus = 2 cubic feet, and the Saa was the qirát, 1/24 of the Artaba.
The modern Persian Artaba = 14·47 gallons.
2. The cubed Black cubit of Al-Mamūn = 34·73 gallons.
3. The cubed Black foot of Al-Mamūn = 10·29 gallons, the weight of which was the Kantar = 102·92 lb.
4. The Ardeb = 4 cubed Black feet; 4 × 10·29 = 41·168 gallons.
The measures derived from these cubed linear measures are as follows:
1. The first of these measures, the cubed Persian cubit, has been accurately preserved in the Cafiz of Tunis, which is the Den, doubled, 2 × 58·088 = 116·4 gallons. Its present standard is 116·34 gallons, and it is divided into
16 Wuebe of 7·27 gallons (1/2 Artaba) each of 12 Saa of 0·605 „
While the Cafiz of Tunis is of 8 Artaba, the Cahiz of Spain is of 10 Artaba, 10 × 14·55 = 145·5 gallons. It is divided into
12 Fanegas of 12·125 gallons each of 12 Almudas or Celemines of 1·0104 gallons.
The present standard in Spain of the Cahiz = 144·7 gallons, the Fanega being = 12·06 gallons, and the Celemin = 1·005 gallon. The Tomolo of Naples is = 12·22 gallons.
2. The second measure, the cubed Black cubit = 34·73 gallons, is the basis of the fluid (oil and wine) measures of Tunis, and also of Spain, Provence and Paris.
Reduced in inverse water-wheat ratio, it gives 34·73/1·22 = 28·46 gallons.
This fluid measure, apparently not extant at the present time, is yet found in its double, the Moyo of Spain = 56·79 gallons, and its half, the Mezzaruola of Italy, the Mieirolo of Marseilles.
The Mieirolo is the basis of other important measures; its standard, = 28·46/2 = 14·19 gallons, is found—
in Tunis = 13·97 gallons in Tripoli = 14·19 „ in Spain = 14-23 „ (1/4 Moyo).
A quarter of this measure is the _Arroba mayor_ of Spain (arroba = al-rūbá, the fourth), the Escandau of Marseilles = 3·54 gallons.
The half of the Arroba, or of the Escandau, corresponds to the Velte, 1·76 gallon at Paris, 1·73 gallon in Hanover, &c. It is the meeting point of Northern and Southern measures, which are derived quite separately from Al-Mamūn’s cubit, the former by weight, the latter by measure.