This is a list of railway accidents in the Netherlands, sorted chronologically.
19th century
March 10, 1843 - During a test drive a locomotive derailed on a not well closed railway bridge near Warmond. 1 person was killed. This was the first railway accident in the Netherlands. February 6, 1856 - a railway employee is injured near Merssen and died a few days later. April 2, 1856 - a railway empolyee is killed in Amsterdam after falling on the track. June 10, 1856 - after passing of a train, a 65-year old waiter was killed at Halfweg by a next train. August 10, 1856 - Schiedam train accident. A train from The Hague rammed another train which also came from The Hague and which was headed from Rotterdam. 3 persons were killed and 5 were injured, all were third class passengers. February 1881 - Express train 14 rode at Woerden into the station master's house. A passenger and two crew members were injured.
20th century
September 13, 1918 – Weesp train disaster, Weesp, Netherlands. Heavy rainfall caused the embankment leading to the Merwedekanaal bridge to become unstable. When a passenger train approached the bridge the track slid off the embankment, causing the carriages to crash into each other and the locomotive to hit the bridge. 41 persons were killed and 42 injured. In the aftermath of the disaster, it was decided to establish a dedicated study of soil mechanics at the Delft University of Technology. January 8, 1962 – The Harmelen train disaster, the deadliest railway accident in the history of The Netherlands, occurs when Leeuwarden – Rotterdam express train driver misses a warning signal in fog and passes a red signal to collide nearly head-on with another passenger train from Rotterdam to Amsterdam. 91 people (including both drivers) die, 54 are injured of which 2 lost their lives while in hospital. May 4, 1976 – Schiedam train accident near Schiedam: An international train collides with a local train, killing 24 people and injuring 11. August 29, 1979 – Nijmegen train disaster; 8 people die when two passenger trains (one of which wasn't carrying passengers) collide head-on at Nijmegen. July 25, 1980 – Winsum train disaster: Two trains collide on a single track between Groningen and Roodeschool resulting in 9 deaths and 21 injured. December 27, 1982 - A boat train heading for Hook of Holland collides with a local train near Rotterdam. 3 people die and 20 are injured. November 30, 1992 – Hoofddorp train accident near Hoofddorp. An Intercity train, travelling from Amsterdam to Vlissingen derailed near Hoofddorp. Five people died, and thirty-three were injured.
21st century
2000s
March 20, 2003 – Roermond. The driver of an NS passenger train suffers a heart attack, runs through a red signal, collides head-on with a freight train; the driver is killed, six passengers are injured seriously. After passing a distant signal at danger the automatic safety system did not enforce a deceleration large enough to prevent a collision. September 5, 2006 – A diesel locomotive passes a red signal and collides with a passenger train at Amersfoort. Seventeen people are injured. November 20, 2006 – A train passes a red signal causing a head-on collision in Rotterdam. The passenger train is empty and none are injured; there is extensive damage to the rail track and its overhead power lines. November 21, 2006 – A train passes a red signal causing a head-on collision at . October 11, 2008 – Thalys trainset 4536 running between Paris and Amsterdam collide with a Koploper ICM unit near Gouda. A steam train hauled by a BR 23 2-6-2 locomotive, which had its route set into the path of the collision, makes a successful emergency stop. September 24, 2009 – Barendrecht train accident – Two freight trains collide head-on below a viaduct on the A15 motorway near Barendrecht, killing the driver of one train. Derailed sections land on a parallel track, where a passenger train is approaching. A few passengers of the passenger train are lightly injured.