This is a list of major stock exchange mergers and acquisitions in the Americas. It also features the name of any resultant stock exchanges from mergers or acquisitions. According to Robert E. Wright of Bloomberg in 2013, historians assert that "rather than exhibiting a trend of constant consolidation, the number of exchanges active across the globe has waxed and waned several times over the past 200 years... During periods of heightened regulation, political turmoil or communication advances, exchanges tend to fail or merge. Economic prosperity, increased financial speculation and high levels of market uncertainty, by contrast, drive new entries."
The National Stock Exchange ceased trading operations on May 30, 2014, bringing the number of active stock exchanges in the United States to 11. Wrote Bloomberg, that left "just one public exchange, Chicago Stock Exchange Inc., that isn’t owned BATS, Nasdaq OMX Group or IntercontinentalExchange Group Inc."
Major mergers or acquisitions
Canada
1901: Standard Stock Exchange merged with Standard Stock and Mining Exchange
1901: Toronto Mining Exchange merged with Standard Stock and Mining Exchange
1934: Standard Stock and Mining Exchange (Toronto) merged with Toronto Stock Exchange 1953: Montreal Curb Market merged with Canadian Stock Exchange 1974: Canadian Stock Exchange merged with Montreal Stock Exchange Merged entity named Montreal Stock Exchange November 1999: Aspect of Montreal Stock Exchange acquired by Canadian Venture Exchange Name kept as Canadian Venture Exchange November 1999: Alberta Stock Exchange acquired by Canadian Venture Exchange Name kept as Canadian Venture Exchange November 1999: Vancouver Stock Exchange acquired by Canadian Venture Exchange Name kept as Canadian Venture Exchange 2007: Winnipeg Commodity Exchange merged with International Securities Exchange 2008: Boston Options Exchange acquired by Montreal Exchange Name kept as Boston Options Exchange as subsidiary 2008: Montreal Stock Exchange merged with Toronto Stock Exchange
Mexico
14 June 1895: Bolsa de México (Stock Exchange of Mexico) merged with Bolsa Nacional (National Stock Exchange) Name changed to Bolsa de México 1975: Guadalajara Stock Exchange acquired by Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange) Name changed to Bolsa Mexicana de Valores 1975: Monterrey Stock Exchange acquired by Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange) Name changed to Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
United States
1865: New York Gold Exchange acquired by the New York Stock Exchange
Name not changed as subsidiary
1869: Open Board of Stock Brokers merged with the New York Stock Exchange
Name retained as New York Stock Exchange (then the New York Stock and Exchange Board) 1877: New-York Open Gold and Stock Exchange acquired by the American Mining and Stock Exchange Name retained as American Mining and Stock Exchange