We show that if $X$ is virtually any classical fractal subset of $\mathbb{ R}^n$, then $(\mathbb{ R},<,+,X)$ interprets the monadic second-order theory of $(\mathbb{ N},+1)$. This result is sharp in the sense that the standard model of the monadic second-order theory of $(\mathbb{ N},+1)$ is known to interpret $(\mathbb{ R},<,+,X)$ for various classical fractals $X$ including the middle-thirds Cantor set and the Sierpinski carpet. Let $X \subseteq \mathbb{ R}^n$ be closed and nonempty. We show that if the $C^k$-smooth points of $X$ are not dense in $X$ for some $k \geq 1$, then $(\mathbb{ R},<,+,X)$ interprets the monadic second-order theory of $(\mathbb{ N},+1)$. The same conclusion holds if the packing dimension of $X$ is strictly greater than the topological dimension of $X$ and $X$ has no affine points.
Categories: math.LO