Rudolf Grauer (20 August 1870, Hellbrunn, Salzburg – 17 December 1927, Vienna) was an Austrian explorer and zoologist.
He conducted zoological investigations in British East Africa (present-day Uganda) in 1905, German East Africa in 1907, and in the Belgian Congo (1910–11). In 1910 he was among the first Europeans to come in contact with the Mambuti. He died from actinomycosis, which he had contracted in Africa. His African collections are housed at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna.
Eponymy
Birds: Grauer's broadbill, Pseudocalyptomena graueri Grauer's cuckooshrike, Coracina graueri Grauer's swamp warbler, Bradypterus graueri Grauer's warbler, Graueria vittata
Mammals: Grauer's large-headed shrew, Paracrocidura graueri Eastern lowland gorilla, Gorilla beringei graueri
Reptiles: Grauer's blind snake, Letheobia graueri Rwanda five-toed skink, Leptosiaphos graueri
Amphibians: Grauer's puddle frog (Rugege river frog), Phrynobatrachus graueri
Fishes: Bathybates graueri