With the Corn-bushel (U.S.) = 62-1/2 lb. of wheat, 1 Quarter = 500 lb. „ „ Imperial bushel = 64 lb. „ 1 „ = 512 lb.
TABLE OF VOLUME AND WEIGHT OF WATER AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
┌───────────┬──────────┬──────────┬─────────────┬─────────────────┐ │ │Expansion │ Density │ Weight of │ Corrections │ │Temperature│ ———— │ ———— │1 Cubic Foot.│ from 1000 ozs. │ │ Fahr.° │1000 Units│1000 Units│ Ounces │in 1 Cubic Foot. │ │ │of Volume │of Weight │ │ │ ├───────────┼──────────┼──────────┼─────────────┼─────────────────┤ │ 32 │ 1000·13 │ 999·8 │ 998·1 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 39·2 │ 1000 │ 1000 │ 998·3 │ -1·7 oz. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 45 │ 1000·1 │ 999·9 │ 998·2 │ -1·8 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 50 │ 1000·25 │ 999·7 │ 998 │ -2 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 55 │ 1000·55 │ 999·4 │ 997·7 │ -2·3 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 60 │ 1000·9 │ 999·1 │ 997·4 │ -2·6 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 62 │ 1001·1 │ 998·9 │ 997·2 │ -2·8 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 65 │ 1001·5 │ 998·6 │ 996·8 │ -3·1 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 70 │ 1002 │ 998 │ 996·3 │ -3·7 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 75 │ 1002·6 │ 997·4 │ 995·7 │ -4·3 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 80 │ 1003·3 │ 996·7 │ 995 │ -5 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 85 │ 1004 │ 996 │ 994·3 │ -5·7 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 90 │ 1004·8 │ 995·2 │ 993·5 │ -6·5 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 95 │ 1005·7 │ 994·3 │ 992·6 │ -7·4 „ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 100 │ 1006·8 │ 993·2 │ 991·5 │ -8·5 „ │ └───────────┴──────────┴──────────┴─────────────┴─────────────────┘
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SCOTS, IRISH, AND WELSH MEASURES AND WEIGHTS
The Scots system was distinctly North German, influenced by English measures.
The standard of length was the Scots Ell = 37·06 English inches. Originally three Rhineland feet at 12·353 inches, it was always described as containing 37 inches. The inch, at 1/37 of the ell, was slightly longer, by less than 2 in 1000, than the English inch. The penalty edicted in 1685 against the use of any other foot but that of 12 inches, while ‘three foot and an inch’ were a Scots ell, seems to show that a foot equal to one-third of an ell may have been used.
The rod or ‘fall’ was 6 ells; the acre was 160 square rods = 1·26 acre, and very nearly equal to the French arpent, which was equal to the Roman heredium. This is, however, a mere coincidence. The Scots acre comes, like the English acre, from North Germany. The type of the Scots acre is seen in the Jück (yoke) of Oldenburg; this field-measure is 160 square ruthen; each ruthe is 18 feet square, presumably 18 Rhineland feet = 6 Scots ells, originally; though now of a lower standard which makes the Jück = only 1·12 acre instead of the 1·26 acre of Rhineland standard.