The Hino Ranger () is a medium or heavy duty commercial truck produced by Hino Motors since 1964. In the domestic market, its principal competitors are Isuzu Forward, Nissan Diesel/UD Condor and Mitsubishi Fuso Fighter.
Outside of Japan, it is also known as the '500 Series' and as part of the 'F-Series,' 'G-Series' and 'S-Series'. There has also been a partial divergence into a heavier and a lighter range, with the latter distinguished by various prefixes or suffixes such as "Day Cab Ranger" or "Ranger 2". In certain countries, the Ranger was only available as a medium or heavy truck before models with low weight ratings, like the FA and FB, were replaced by the Hino Dutro.
First generation (1964–1983)
The first Hino Ranger appeared as the 3.5-tonne "Ranger KM300" in June 1964, landing in Japan's newly competitive middleweight truck category. There was also a short wheelbase model called the KM320. The long-wheelbase KM340 appeared in December, and the cabin became a three-seater (rather than two) in 1966. The first model had a body-colored grille and separate headlamp surrounds; this was changed with a facelift in November 1967, when the headlights were integrated into the grille. Until they were changed in 1968, the Ranger had suicide doors. In November 1969 the design was changed again, now with twin headlamps in a grille painted a contrasting colour. More importantly, the cab was made longer, improving comfort. The Ranger KM was not a very strong seller, being limited to cargo capacity while the licensing system favored 4-tonne trucks.
The original engine produced . Along with the 1967 facelift came ten extra horsepower, although the six-cylinder DM100 unit still displaced . In April 1971 the wheelbases were changed across the range, meaning new model numbers: KM310 (regular), KM330 (short), and KM350 (long). In April 1978 the engine was switched to the new DQ100 and various safety improvements (high-backed seats, larger rear view mirrors) were introduced. The new DQ100 engine displaced and output increased to . The line was now designated KM500, with the short wheelbase (usually sold as a dump truck) called the KM520 and the long wheelbase model called the KM540.
In 1978, the 2-tonne Hino Ranger 2 was launched, a rebadged Toyota Dyna (also sold as the Daihatsu Delta) with Daihatsu or Toyota engines. This then spawned a 3-tonne version, called the Ranger 3. By late 1979, the Ranger KM received a name change as well becoming the Hino Ranger 3M. The Ranger also met the latest (1979) emissions regulations. When the emissions were tightened again in 1983, the Ranger 3M received its last modifications to meet them and was now equipped with a chrome-bordered grille. In 1984, production of the KM ended as it was replaced by the Day Cab Ranger.
Second generation (1969–1980)
The Hino Ranger KL was introduced in Japan in 1969. The Ranger also served as a replacement for the Toyota Massy Dyna which was discontinued in 1979. In Australia, it was sold as the Toyota KL300. The Ranger KL-series was offered as the short wheelbase KL300, medium wheelbase KL340 and KL350, as well as the long wheelbase KL360 and KL380. The Ranger line-up further spawned into KB, KR, KQ, and other models. Engines offered were the 4.5 liter DQ100 and 5.0 liter EC100.
Third generation (1980–1989)
Introduced in Japan in 1980, early models (marketed as Wind Ranger in Japan) have twin round headlights, while facelift models (marketed as Ranger +5 and ONE UP Ranger +5 in Japan) come with slimmer rectangular units. The engine range was also updated. The cab design was inspired by European trucks and was 35 percent more aerodynamic than its predecessor according to Hino. The cab was assembled by robots.
From 1982, Ford Motor Company and Hino signed a deal for badge-engineered trucks to be known as the Ford N series for release in the Australian and New Zealand markets to replace the Ford D series trucks. The deal lasted 15 years.
From 1988 to 1998, the third generation Ranger was manufactured under license by Kia Motors and sold as the first generation Kia Rhino in South Korea.