Ramian (, also Romanized as Rāmīān, Rāmeyān, and Rāmīyān) is a city in the Central District of Ramian County, Golestan province, Iran, serving as both capital of the district and of the county.
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 11,719 in 2,831 households. The following census in 2011 counted 12,263 people in 3,408 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 12,426 people in 3,772 households.
Background
Ramian was used in Parthian times as a castle. In "Immortal Land" v. III (written by: Zabihollah e Mansoori) says Greek called it "Laboos" and there was a fight between Ashk II and Selucied king. Some say Ramian at that time had great vineries and wines.
Many residents of modern Ramian are from the Shia Azerbaijanis tribe of Qara-Eli (Garaili/Geraili). Genetically, they are a mix of Turkmens and Keraites. Because they were Shia, they had sent to Kalpush to defend people against raids by the Sunni Turkmen and Uzbeks, in Safavid era. They separated other parts (Khorasan -like: Jajarm-, Semnan and Golestan -like: Ramian- provinces in early Qajar in order of Hosseyn-Qoli khan Qajar. Modern Ramian has been constructed at that time. Before, there was on old Ramian (Kohna Ramian) which was that old Ramian. They are also known as Qizilbash, because they were Shia Qizilbash force of Safavied.