[23] See Stintzing, _Ulrich Zasius_, pp. 216 ff.
[24] Ranke, _History of the Reformation in Germany_ (transl. Austin), vol. II., pp. 97-8.
[Sidenote: _The French lawyers and the Reformation._]
[25] The _Nihil hoc ad edictum praetoris!_ is currently ascribed to Cujas, but the ultimate authority for the story I do not know. See Brissaud, _Histoire du droit français_, p. 355: ‘La science laïque déclarait par la bouche d’un de ses plus grands représentants qu’elle n’était plus l’humble servante de la théologie; elle affirmait sa sécularisation.’ It seems that Cujas (‘wie beinahe alle Rechtsgelehrten seiner Zeit’) at first sided with the Reformers, but that he afterwards, at least outwardly, made his peace with the Catholic church (Spangenberg, _Jacob Cujas und seine Zeitgenossen_, Leipz. 1822, p. 162; Haag, _La France protestante_, ed. 2, vol. IV., col. 957-970). Doneau was a Calvinist; driven from France by Catholics and from Heidelberg by Lutherans, he went to Leyden and ultimately to Altdorf. Hotman was a Calvinist, intimately connected with the church of Geneva. Baudouin was compelled to leave France for Geneva, whence he went to Strassburg and Heidelberg; but he quarrelled with Calvin and was accused of changing his religion six times. Charles Du Moulin also had been an exile at Tübingen. It is said that after a Calvinistic stage he became a Lutheran; on his death-bed he returned to Catholicism: such at least was the tale told by Catholics. (See Brodeau, _La vie de Maistre Charles Du Molin_, Paris, 1654; Haag, _La France protestante_, ed. 2, vol. V., col. 783-789.) To say the least, he had been ‘ultra-gallican.’ (Schulte, _Geschichte der Quellen des canonischen Rechts_, vol. IV., p. 251.) Of Le Douarin also it is said ‘il était réformé de cœur’ (_La France protestante_, ed. 2, vol. V., col. 508). ‘Die grosse Mehrzahl der hervorragenden Juristen bekannte sich mit grösserer oder geringerer Entschiedenheit zur Partei der Hugenotten’ (Stintzing, _Geschichte der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft_, vol. I., p. 372).
[26] Stintzing, _Geschichte der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft_, vol. I., p. 284.
[Sidenote: _Francis Hotman and England._]
[27] Elizabeth’s invitation to Hotman is mentioned in the _Elogium_ of him prefixed to his _Opera_ (1599), p. viii, and in Dareste’s essay (p. 5). His son John spent some time at Oxford. In 1583 John tells his father that at Oxford he has plenty of time for study ‘quamvis hic miris modis frigeat iuris civilis studium et mea hac in re opera nemini grata possit esse in Anglia’ (_Hotomanorum Epistolae_, Amstd., 1620, p. 325). In 1584 John was consulted along with Alberigo Gentili by the English government in the Mendoza case (Holland, _Albericus Gentilis_, pp. 14, 15). There is nothing improbable in the story that Francis was offered a post at Oxford. He must have been well known to Cecil. In 1562 he was active in bringing Condé into touch with Elizabeth and so in promoting the expedition to Havre. Condé’s envoy brought to Cecil a letter of introduction from Hotman (_Foreign Calendar_, 1561-2, p. 601). Baudouin also at this time was making himself useful to the English government. (See e.g. _Foreign Calendar_, 1558-9, p. 173; 1561-2, pp. 60, 367, 454, 481, 510.) It has been said that Queen Elizabeth spoke of Charles Du Moulin as her kinsman (Brodeau, _Vie de C. Du Molin_, p. 4). Whether in the pedigree of the Boleyns there is any ground for this story I do not know. See _La France protestante_, ed. 2, vol. V., col. 783. Sir Thomas Craig, who is an important figure in the history of Scotch law, sat at the feet of Baudouin, and Edward Henryson, who in 1566 became a lord of session, had been a professor at Bourges (_Dict. Nat. Biog._).