[Sidenote: _Public reading of the canon law forbidden._]
[14] Injunctions of 1535, _Stat. Acad. Cantab._ p. 134: ‘Quare volumus ut deinceps nulla legatur palam et publice lectio per academiam vestram totam in iure canonico sive pontificio nec aliquis cuiuscunque conditionis homo gradum aliquem in studio illius iuris pontificii suscipiat aut in eodem inposterum promoveatur quovis modo.’ See Mullinger, _Hist. Univ. Camb._ vol. I., p. 630; Cooper, _Annals of Cambridge_, vol. I., p. 375; and for Oxford, Ellis, _Original Letters_, Ser. II., vol. II., p. 60. In September 1535 Legh and Ap Ryce declare that the canon laws are ‘profligate out of this realm.’ (_Letters and Papers, Henry VIII._, vol. IX., p. 138.)
Despite a doubt suggested by Stubbs (_Seventeen Lectures_, ed. 3, p. 368), I cannot believe that the slightest hint of a degree in canon law lurks at Cambridge in the title ‘Legum Doctor’ (LL.D.): not even ‘a shadowy presentment of the double honour.’ See E. C. Clark, _Cambridge Legal Studies_, 1888, pp. 56 ff., where that title is well explained. On the continent a settled usage contrasted the _doctores legum_ and the _doctores decretorum_. See e.g. Stintzing, _Geschichte der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft_, vol. I., p. 25: ‘In Italien hatten die Legisten und Decretisten verschiedene Schulen gebildet. In Deutschland waren sie zwar zu einer Facultät vereinigt, bildeten jedoch lange Zeit zwei getrennte Abtheilungen, von denen jede ihre eigenen akademischen Grade ertheilte. Neben einander erscheinen die _Doctores Legum_ und _Doctores Decretorum_, bis seit dem Anfang des 16. Jahrhunderts diese Scheidung schwindet und die _Doctores utriusque iuris_ immer häufiger und endlich zur Regel werden.’
[15] See Mr Pollard’s life of Smith in _Dict. Nat. Biog._ Some important facts, especially about his ordination, were revealed by J. G. Nichols, in _Archaeologia_, XXXVIII. 98-127.
[Sidenote: _Smith and the new jurisprudence._]
[16] Smith says that when he first became a member of the senate at Cambridge he bought the Digest and Code and certain works of Alciatus, Zasius and Ferrarius. (See Mullinger, _History of the University of Cambridge_, vol. II., p. 130.) Ferrarius is, I suppose, Arnaud Ferrier, the master of Cujas. Mr Mullinger (p. 126) suggests that the Spaniard Ludovico Vives while resident at Oxford may have propagated dissatisfaction with the traditional teaching of Roman law.