[31] Since the Conquest the reverse bears the name of the Emperor in Manchoo Tartar letters.
[32] Known as 'Sycee,' which means literally 'fine silk.'
[33] 10 cash = 1 candareen, 10 candareen = 1 mace, 10 mace = 1 tael.
[34] Bar gold, Sycee silver, chopped dollars.
[35] The Chinese called these boats 'scrambling dragons' and 'fast crabs.'
[36] A chest contained 1 picul = 133-1/3 pounds.
[37] Often so called in official language.
[39] The 'Governor Findlay' to Jardine, Matheson, & Co.
[41] The Chinese character which represents 'day' is literally 'sun.'
[42] When a Chinese takes leave, he says, 'Kaou-tsze' ('I inform you of taking leave').
[43] The 'Colonel Young' belonged to Jardine, Matheson, & Co., as well as the 'Fairy.'
[44] The 'Harriet' belonged to Jardine, Matheson, & Co.
[45] Literally 'great wind,' not those destructive storms which occur but once in three or four years, unroof houses and tear ships to pieces; they are called Teet-kuy, 'iron whirlwinds.'
[46] Country ships and coasters carried Manila men--Portuguese of Bombay or Macao--as helmsmen; they hove the lead, &c., and were called 'Sea-cunnies.'
[47] Strangling is by means of a wooden cross driven into the ground to which the prisoner's neck and outstretched arms are secured. A more ghastly and ignominious death than beheading.
[48] Called the Praya Grande, temporarily destroyed by the taiphoon of 1875.
[53] A subordinate officer of the chief magistrate's department.
[54] The currency being taels, mace, candareens, and cash.
[56] Presents to the captains and officers.
[58] A very common exclamation on any occasion.
[59] The late Sir James Matheson was the reputed founder of the foreign press in China (_The Canton Register_); but it was an open question whether it was he or Mr. Wood. I contributed to that paper (translations from Chinese) when started; but in the consequent daily intercourse with Wood, he never hinted that he was not its sole founder. If my memory serves me Sir James was at the time on a trip up the coast. Nevertheless there is but one 'old Canton' who can decide the point, the present Sir Alexander Matheson.
[61] Kung-Ming, a celebrated warrior of the third century A.D.
[62] Celebrated gardens, near Canton, visited by foreigners.