-------------------------------+--------------------+-------------- | _Thermometer | _Degree of MIXTURES. | Sinks._ | cold | | Produced._ -------------------------------+--------------------+--------------- Snow or pounded ice 2 parts}| to -5° | .. Muriate of sodium 1 part }| | | t | Snow or pounded ice 5 parts}| F e | Muriate of sodium 2 parts}| r m to -12° | .. Muriate of ammonium 1 part }| o p | | m e | Snow or pounded ice 24 parts}| r | Muriate of sodium 10 parts}| a a to -18° | .. Muriate of ammonium 5 parts}| n t | Nitrate of potassium 5 parts}| y u | | r | Snow or pounded ice 12 parts}| e | Muriate of sodium 5 parts}| to -25° | .. Nitrate of ammonium 5 parts}| | | | Snow 3 parts}| From +32° to -23° | 55 Dilute sulphuric acid 2 parts}| | | | Snow 8 parts}| From +32° to -27° | 59 Muriatic acid 5 parts}| | | | Snow 7 parts}| From +32° to -30° | 62 Dilute nitric acid 4 parts}| | | | Snow 4 parts}| From +32° to -40° | 72 Muriate of calcium 5 parts}| | | | Snow 2 parts}| From +32° to -50° | 82 Crystallized muriate 3 parts}| | of calcium | | | | Snow 3 parts}| From +32° to -51° | 83 Potash 4 parts}| | -------------------------------+--------------------+--------------
-------------------------------+--------------------+-------------- | _Thermometer | _Degree of MIXTURES. | Sinks._ | cold | | Produced._ -------------------------------+--------------------+-------------- Phosphate of sodium 5 parts}| | Nitrate of ammonium 3 parts}| From 0° to -34° | 34 Dilute nitric acid 4 parts}| | | | Phosphate of sodium 3 parts}| | Nitrate of ammonium 2 parts}| From -34° to -50° | 16 Dilute nitric acid 4 parts}| | | | Snow 3 parts}| From 0° to -46° | 46 Dilute nitric acid 2 parts}| | -------------------------------+--------------------+---------------
The following simple form of constant water bath, which wastes no water, I have found to be very convenient:
A tube of glass or metal, not less than 1/4 of an inch internal diameter, the ends of which are cut off obliquely, is bent as shown in the cut. It should make an angle of about 30 deg., or a little greater, with the horizontal. The angle may be diminished if the bore of the tube is increased. One end is inserted in the water bath, the other in an inverted bottle. The height of the water in the bath is regulated by the depth of immersion of the tube in it. The boiling is not interrupted by the feeding, which takes place slowly and regularly. It is necessary that the ends of the tubes should be cut off obliquely. The same form of tube answers equally well for keeping a constant level in a filter or drying chamber.