55 Cieza de Leon, _Second Part of the Chronicle of Peru_ (Hakluyt Society, London, 1883), p. 18.
_ 56 The Grihya Sûtras_, translated by H. Oldenberg, Part ii. (Oxford, 1892) pp. 165, 275 (_Sacred Books of the East_, vol. xxx.). Umbrellas appear to have been sometimes used in ritual for the purpose of preventing the sunlight from falling on sacred persons or things. See W. Caland, _Altindisches Zauberritual_ (Amsterdam, 1900), p. 110 note 12. At an Athenian festival called Scira the priestess of Athena, the priest of Poseidon, and the priest of the Sun walked from the Acropolis under the shade of a huge white umbrella which was borne over their heads by the Eteobutads. See Harpocration and Suidas, _s.v._ { ~GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA~}{ ~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{ ~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA~}{ ~GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO~}{ ~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON~}{ ~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}; Scholiast on Aristophanes, _Eccles._ 18.
M17 Tabooed persons not allowed to see the sun. Certain persons forbidden to see fire.
57 Mrs. Bishop, _Korea and her Neighbours_ (London, 1898), ii. 248.
58 J. L. van Hasselt, "Eenige aanteekeningen aangaande de bewoners der N. Westkust van Nieuw Guinea," _Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde_, xxxi. (1886) p. 587.
59 A. Bastian, _Die Völker des östlichen Asien_, v. (Jena, 1869) p. 366.
60 W. M. Gabb, "On the Indian Tribes and Languages of Costa Rica," _Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society held at Philadelphia_, xiv. (Philadelphia, 1876), p. 510.
61 L. Lloyd, _Peasant Life in Sweden_ (London, 1870), p. 194.
62 H. H. Bancroft, _Native Races of the Pacific States_, i. 553. See _Taboo and the Perils of the Soul_, p. 182.
63 L. Heuzey, _Le Mont Olympe et l'Acarnanie_ (Paris, 1860), pp. 458 _sq._
M19 Girls at puberty forbidden to touch the ground and to see the sun. Seclusion of girls at puberty among the A-Kamba. Seclusion of girls at puberty among the Baganda.
64 Pechuel-Loesche, "Indiscretes aus Loango," _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, x. (1878) p. 23.
65 Rev. J. Macdonald, "Manners, Customs, Superstitions, and Religions of South African Tribes," _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, xx. (1891) p. 118.
66 Dudley Kidd, _The Essential Kafir_ (London, 1904), p. 209. The prohibition to drink milk under such circumstances is also mentioned, though without the reason for it, by L. Alberti (_De Kaffers aan de Zuidkust van Afrika_, Amsterdam, 1810, p. 79), George Thompson (_Travels and Adventures in Southern Africa_, London, 1827, ii. 354 _sq._), and Mr. Warner (in Col. Maclean's _Compendium of Kafir Laws and Customs_, Cape Town, 1866, p. 98). As to the reason for the prohibition, see below, p. 80.