There is wide disagreement as to the answer to the question why so many women are engaged in gainful employments. You can best work out the problem for yourself by recalling the women and girls of your acquaintance who are earning a livelihood by work outside of the home. Ask one of these why she does not give up her present position and go back to the "shelter of the home." She will probably tell you that there is in her home no possible means of support for her. The chances are that she will tell you that her labor is one of the sources of income for the maintenance of that home and dependent ones in it.
The talk of some people would lead you to think that if women would only behave themselves they might all spend their lives in weaving and spinning, as their great-grandmothers did. But if they did this there would be no market for their labors; and who would earn the money necessary for their support? If you knew the facts in regard to the average home of one hundred years ago, you would find conditions vastly different from what they are now. Then, the great bulk of the population lived on farms, from which the labor of all drew sustenance for all. For many years the trend of population has been toward the cities, and the man who once made a comfortable living from the farm, with the assistance of his family, now works in a store or a factory or some other industrial concern. The compensation is often not enough for the family necessities, and the labor of women must be added to that of men. Formerly there were few men who did not have several dependent women relatives in addition to wife and daughters. Now a self-respecting woman prefers the independence which comes with self-support.
Moreover, a great deal of the most interesting work has been forced out of the home. Labor-saving inventions have multiplied and every year brings new ones. Thus have the forces of water and air and electricity conspired to take away much of the ancient prerogative of woman. Your great-grandmother, in all probability, made all the clothing for her family, men included. Moreover, she and her assistants wove the cloth and her hands spun the wool out of which it was made. The linen and the wool must still be woven and made into cloth, but it must be done outside of the home. One would almost have to be wealthy now in order to wear garments toward which no machine had made any contribution. The Ruskin weaving industries of England are an example of the handwork of the twentieth century, but the textiles made on those looms are costly.