Plzeň dialect ( or colloquially plzeňština) is a dialect of Czech language spoken in western Bohemia, in and around Plzeň. It belongs to southwest subgroup of Bohemian dialects and has some features that are also present in common Czech. This dialect contains many germanisms, precisely from Northern Bavarian dialects. Chod dialect is sometimes considered a subgroup of Plzeň dialect, as it has many common features. The dialect has a typical style of intonation, called Plzeň singing (Czech: plzeňské zpívání).
Main features
Morphology
If two forms of a word are written, the first one is dialectal and second one is standard Czech form.
Masculine animate nouns end with -í in nominative plural, instead of standard -é, even corresponding numerals and pronouns are pronounced longer: dvá klucí/dva kluci (two boys), vobá hokejistí/oba hokejisté (both hockey players), tří chlapí/tři chlapi (three men), hostí/hosté (guests). Sound a is lengthened in last syllables of some genitive plural nouns (, ). Nouns in other cases are often shortened. Plural locative of nouns of hard patterns ends with -ach: vo klukach/o klucích (about boys), vozach/vozech(wagons), kozach/kozách (goats), prknach/prknech (boards). Soft-declined masculine and feminine nouns have plural locative ending -ech: vo pekařech/o pekařích (about bakers), nožech/nožích (knives), nohavicech|nohavicích (trouser legs), kostěch|kostích (bones). Dative plural ending is -om, especially in masculine nouns (k učitelom/učitelům (to teachers), stromkom/stromkům (little trees), kravom|kravám (cows), kuřatom/kuřatům (chickens). Case endings of kost andrůže feminine nouns are same, e.g. in genitive singular: do práci/do práce (to the work), pytel pšenici/pytel pšenice (sack of wheat), bez mrkvi/bez mrkve (without carrot), nominative plural: kostě/kosti (bones), zdě/zdi (walls), noce/noci (nights). The -u ending in dative singular of pán masculine pattern is more common than in other dialects or standard Czech: k doktoru/k doktorovi (to a doctor). Names of families end with -ojc (Novákovojc/Novákovi), they are often indeclinable and used as surnames coined with names (Jirka Bláhojc). Possessive adjectives end, in all genders and cases, with -ovo: tátovo/tátova košile (dad's shirt), v dědovo domě/v dědově domu (in granddad's house), or -ino (sestřino děti/sestřiny děti - sister's children). The sk suffix of adjectives changes to ck after n, l and sometimes also after another consonants: panský > pancký (atristocratic), selský > selcký (rural). Genitive and a dative/feminine singular forms of nouns of hard patterns have different endings: z tý druhý stran/z té druhé strany (from the other side), na tej druhej straně/na té druhé straně). Pronouns já (I) and ty (you, informal singular) exchnages genitive/accusative and dative forms: nezlob mi/nezlob mě (don't play me up), dám tě to/dám ti to (I will give it to you), já se ti bojim/já se tě bojím (I'm afraid of you), sometimes even reflexive pronouns si and se undergo this exchange. Endings of locative singular of masculine and neuter hard-declined pronouns merge into each other: vo tom našom/o tom našem (about the ours), v čom/v čem (in what), vo ňom/o něm (about him), vo všom/o všem (abuout everything). Demonstrative pronouns and adverbs, that express closeness of things, start with tu-/tů-: tůten, tůta, tůto/tento,tato,toto (this - masculine, feminine, neuter), tudlecto/tohle (this one), tůtady/tady, zde (here). Interrogative expressions take -pa postfix: copa/co (what), kudypa/kudy (which way), in the kd- prefix, k is omitted (depa/kde = where), or pronounced as h (hdopa). Infinitive of class I verbs with -t- or -d- stem ends with -ect: ject/jet (to go by something), vect/vézt (to lead/transport), pect/péct (to bake), or -est: nest/nést (to carry/bear). Infinitive of some verbs shows change of á to í in the middle of the word: hřít/hřát (to give warmth), zapříst/zapřáhnout (to hitch), tříst/třást (to shake/shiver), zíbst/zábst (to chill somebody).
In some villages around Plzeň, but not in Plzeň itself, some prepositions were used in doubled forms (zez/z = from, vev/v = in). This feature mostly disappeared in the 1960s and 1970s but many people associate the preposition ″zez″ with the form of speech used in Plzeň and use, mostly derisively, it in the phrase ″zez Plzně″ (from Plzeň, which is ″z Plzně″ in standard speech).