KOOLAU GAP. Amaumau, rush, mauulaili, tree orchid, sandalwood, pawale, Hawaiian buttercup, trailing _akala_, native strawberry, nohoanu, apeape, highbush ohelo, trailing plantain, lobelia, wormwood, trailing kookoolau, greensword.
PALIKU. Amaumau, ekaha, akaha akolea, twayblade, alaalawainui, hoawa, akala, kawau, olapa, kolea, manono, lobelia, naenae.
KAUPO GAP. Rush, mauulaili, sandalwood, hoawa, puaainaka, poha, common potato (naturalized), Jerusalem cherry, tree plantain, lobelia, naupaka, _Dubautia sp._, _Railliardia scabra_.
[Illustration: Figure 2—HAWAIIAN ORCHID, _Liparis_]
[Illustration: Figure 3—SANDALWOOD, _Santalum haleakalae_]
[Illustration: Figure 4—MAMANE, _Sophora chrysophylla_]
[Illustration: Figure 5—HAWAIIAN RASPBERRY, _Rubus hawaiiensis_]
[Illustration: Figure 6—HINAHINA, _Geranium tridens_]
[Illustration: Figure 7—NOHOANU, _Geranium (Neurophyllodes) arboreum_]
[Illustration: Figure 8—AALII, Seed capsules, leaf detail]
[Illustration: Figure 9—OHIA LEHUA, Twig with flower beginning to open]
[Illustration: Figure 12—PUKIAWE, Twig, flower magnified]
[Illustration: Figure 13—KOLEA, showing fruit]
[Illustration: Figure 14—MOUNTAIN PILO. Twig, fruits, leaf shapes, magnified flower and leaf showing veination]
[Illustration: Figure 15—KUKAENENE, fruiting twig, male and female flowers]
[Illustration: Figure 16—CATCHFLY, _Silene struthioloides_]
[Illustration: Figure 17—MAUI WORMWOOD, leaves, magnified flowers]
[Illustration: Figure 18—NAENAE, _Dubautia plantaginea_]
[Illustration: Figure 19—KUPAOA, _Raillardia menziesii_]
It is a general rule that, as among plants, numbers and species of birds decrease as one goes up a mountain. It is true also that native Hawaiian birds are to be found mostly in upland forests. Of the members of the endemic nectar-sipping family, DREPANIDAE, _’apapane_ and _’i’iwi_ may be seen up to 8,500 feet. They are associated with ohia which give them their food. _’Amakihi_ are fond of the mamane blossoms, so it is not surprising to find them widespread although not numerous in the park. Far rarer is the little Maui creeper, _’alauahio_, which finds insects and spiders for food in the bark of trunks and branches of trees and shrubs. It follows the latter up to the Alpine Zone.