Over the past decades, many radome designs to extend the angular scan range of phased-array antennas have been devised by utilizing dielectric materials and metamaterials. More recently, metasurface technology such as planar lenses and beam deflectors have been applied to phased arrays, enabling scan-angle enhancers to have a low profile. In this work, a physical Huygens' metasurface (HMS) two-lens system for scanangle doubling of a phased array is presented. For the HMS unit cells, the wire-loop topology is deployed to achieve high transmission for the required phase-angle shift. The proposed two-lens system is analyzed by full-wave simulations and experiments. The simulation results demonstrate that the scan angle doubles when the incident angle is below 15{ \deg} in accordance to the design specification. Furthermore, the directivity degradation of the refracted beams by the two-HMS lenses is in good agreement with theory. Finally, a fabricated two-lens system with two 15{ \lambda} long by 15{ \lambda} wide metasurface lenses and a 16{ \times}16-element patch antenna array as a source is experimentally verified at 10 GHz. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated results by showing angle-doubling performance with { \pm}2{ \deg} scan errors.
Categories: physics.app-ph physics.optics