In an earlier paper (A. N. Kochubei, { \it Pacif. J. Math.} 269 (2014), 355--369), the author considered a restriction of Vladimirov's fractional differentiation operator $D^\alpha$, $\alpha >0$, to radial functions on a non-Archimedean field. In particular, it was found to possess such a right inverse $I^\alpha$ that the change of an unknown function $u=I^\alpha v$ reduces the Cauchy problem for a linear equation with $D^\alpha$ (for radial functions) to an integral equation whose properties resemble those of classical Volterra equations. In other words, we found, in the framework of non-Archimedean pseudo-differential operators, a counterpart of ordinary differential equations. In the present paper, we study nonlinear equations of this kind, find conditions of their local and global solvability.
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