These are lists of notable surgeons.
Pioneers and firsts to perform particular procedures
Silvano Raia - Raia was the first surgeon to achieve a successful living donor liver transplantation in July 1989 B. K. Misra - First neurosurgeon in the world to perform image-guided surgery for aneurysms, first in South Asia to perform stereotactic radiosurgery, first in India to perform awake craniotomy and laparoscopic spine surgery. Claudius Amyand, performed the first Appendicectomy Christiaan Barnard, cardiac surgery, first heart transplantation William DeVries, first permanent artificial heart transplant Eric Mühe, first laparoscopic cholecystectomy Paul Randall Harrington, first interior fixation of the spine by means of a Harrington rod. John Heysham Gibbon (1903–1973), first open heart surgery Simon Hullihen, The Father of Oral Surgery John Hunter, first aneurysm operation and founder of early schools of anatomy Leonard B. Kaban, Walter C. Guralnick Professor and Chair of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University, pioneer in oral, maxillofacial and craniofacial surgery Richard Lehman (surgeon), pioneered several orthopedic surgeries Frederic E. Mohs, developed the Mohs Micrographic Surgery technique (MMS) aka Mohs surgery in 1938 to remove skin cancer lesions. Dallas B. Phemister, developed the Phemister graft and early innovator in orthopedics Theodore H. Schwartz, first center in New York City to use intraoperative MRI scanning during endoscopic pituitary surgery Lall Sawh, C.M.T., F.R.C.S.(Edin.). Kidney transplantation pioneer in the Caribbean and Latin America. Early proponent of Viagra. Michael Woodruff, transplantation pioneer. Sergelen Orgoi, developed low cost liver transplantation for developing countries
Researchers and inventors in the field of surgery
Norman Bethune, Canadian thoracic surgeon and humanitarian, early proponent of universal health care and inventor of the first practical mobile blood transport unit. Victor Chang Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000), creator of radial keratotomy John Heysham Gibbon, invented the heart-lung machine. Henry Gray, author of Gray's Anatomy Moshe Gueron, best known for his pioneering research about human heart influences in result of scorpion sting. Gavril Ilizarov, Russian orthopedic surgeon who invented the procedure to lengthen or reshape limb bones. Walter Lawrence, Jr., surgical oncologist and leader in civil rights health equity efforts Lars Leksell, neurosurgery, inventor of radiosurgery Joseph Lister, discoverer of surgical asepsis Kakish Ryskulova, inventor of new techniques in vascular surgery Hilda Villegas Castrejón, Mexican surgeon and pioneer in electron microscopy Vivien Thomas, developer with Alfred Blalock and Helen B. Taussig of the first congenital heart surgery techniques