1075 (MLXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
February – Pope Gregory VII holds a council that publishes a decree against lay investiture. April – Pope Gregory VII publishes the Dictatus Papae (Sayings of the Pope, aka the Dictates of Hildebrand), in which he asserts papal authority over earthly as well as spiritual rulers. Revolt of the Earls: Three earls rebel against William I of England (William the Conqueror), in the last serious act of resistance to the Norman Conquest. First Battle of Langensalza: Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats the Saxon nobles and subjugates Saxony. The Liao Dynasty version of the Buddhist Tripitaka is completed (approximate date). Anund Gårdske is removed as king of Svealand and king Håkan the Red of Gothenland makes himself king of all Sweden. The Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem from the Fatimids. Lý dynasty forces under Lý Thường Kiệt defend Vietnam against invasion by Song Dynasty China. The Song Dynasty Chinese polymath scientist and statesman Shen Kuo solves a border dispute with the Liao Dynasty by finding old diplomatic records; he argues Emperor Daozong of Liao's bluffs point for point during a meeting at Mt. Yongan (near modern Pingquan in Hebei), and reestablishes the Song's borders.
Births
June 9 – Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1137) Saint Magnus Erlendsson (d. 1116 or 1117) Adelaide del Vasto (d. 1118) Orderic Vitalis, monk and historian (approximate date)
Deaths
June 10 – Ernest of Austria (b. 1027) August 2 – Patriarch John VIII of Constantinople December 4 – Anno II, archbishop of Cologne December 19 – Edith of Wessex, queen of Edward the Confessor of England John Xiphilinus, Byzantine historian Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, King of Gwynedd Peter Krešimir IV, King of Croatia