Presented below are lists of famous or notable Ukrainian people of Jewish descent and other Jews born in the territory of present-day Ukraine, before 20 century borderland region in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (later in Russian Partition and Austrian Partition).
Athletes
Oksana Baiul, figure skater, Olympic gold
Alexei Beletski, Ukrainian-born Israeli, ice dancer, Olympian
Oleksii Bychenko, Ukrainian-born Israeli, figure skater, 2016 European silver medallist, Olympian Artem Dolgopyat, Ukrainian-born Israeli, Olympic gold (artistic gymnast - floor) for Israel Olena Dvornichenko, Israel/Ukraine, rhythmic gymnastics Grigoriy Gamarnik, Ukrainian-born Soviet, world wrestling champion (Greco-Roman lightweight), world championship gold and silver Samuel Gerson, Ukrainian-born US, Olympic silver wrestling (freestyle featherweight) Natalia Gudina, Ukrainian-born Israeli, figure skater, Olympian Vadym Gutzeit (born 1971), saber fencer, Olympic champion, Youth and Sport Minister of Ukraine Pavlo Ishchenko ("Wild Man"), Ukraine/Israel, bantamweight & lightweight boxer, 2x European Amateur Boxing Championships medalist, and European Games medalist Moisei Kas’ianik, Ukrainian-born USSR, world weightlifting champion Marina Kravchenko, Ukrainian-born Israeli, Soviet and Israel national table tennis teams Lenny Krayzelburg, Ukrainian-born US swimmer, 4x Olympic champion (100 m backstroke, 200-m backstroke, twice 4x100-m medley relay); 3x world champion (100 m and 200-m backstroke, 4×100-m medley) and 2x silver (4×100-m medley, 50-m backstroke); 3 world records (50-, 100-, and 200-m backstroke) Grigory Kriss (born 1940), Ukrainian Soviet Olympic épée fencer who won four Olympic medals, including a gold medal Tatiana Lysenko, USSR/Ukraine gymnast, 2x Olympic champion (balance beam, team combined exercises), bronze (horse vault) Valeria Maksyuta, Ukraine/Israel gymnast, multiple World Cup medalist, Israeli Olympian, Maccabiah Games champion Valentyn Mankin, Soviet/Ukraine, only sailor in Olympic history to win gold medals in three different classes (yachting: finn class, tempest class, and star class), silver (yachting, tempest class) Faina Melnik, Ukrainian-born USSR, 11 world records; Olympic discus throw champion Andriy Oberemko, soccer/football midfielder (Mariupol & U21 national team) Igor Olshansky, NFL American football defensive end Zhanna Pintusevich-Block, Ukraine, sprinter, world 100-m & 200-m champion Katerina Pisetsky, Israel/Ukraine, rhythmic gymnast Maxim Podoprigora, Ukrainian-born Austrian swimmer Ian Rubin, Ukraine/Australia, Russia national rugby league team Igor Rybak, Ukrainian-born USSR, Olympic weightlifting champion (lightweight) David Tyshler (1927–2014), Ukraine-born Soviet sabre fencer, Olympic bronze medalist Yulen Uralov (born 1924), Ukrainian Soviet Olympic foil fencer, and USSR champion Iosif Vitebskiy (born 1938), Soviet Ukrainian Olympic medalist and world champion épée fencer, and current US fencing coach Alexei Zhitnik, Ukraine-born Russia, hockey defenseman (NHL)
Politicians
Mykhailo Dobkin, former governor of Kharkiv Oblast 2010-2014
Volodymyr Groysman, former Prime Minister of Ukraine (2016–2019) Hennadiy Kernes, Mayor of Kharkiv 2010–2020 Ihor Kolomoyskyi, former Governor of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast 2014-2015 Pinhas Krasny, Ukrainian minister of Jewish Affairs for the Directorate of Ukraine Vadim Rabinovich, 2014 presidential candidate Moisei Rafes, deputy secretary of National Affairs (Jewish Affairs) for the General Secretariat Abraham Revutsky, Ukrainian minister of Jewish Affairs for the Directorate of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine (2019–present) Moishe Zilberfarb, deputy secretary of National Affairs (Jewish Affairs) for the General Secretariat Alexander Zolotarev, state controller for the General Secretariat Yukhym Zvyahilsky, former Prime Minister of Ukraine 1993-1994 and entrepreneur Oleksandr Feldman, People's Deputy of Ukraine (2002–present) Oleksii Reznikov, 17th Minister of Defence (2021-2023)
Russian/Soviet politicians
Karl Radek, Soviet politician
Grigory Sokolnikov, Bolshevik politician
Abram Slutsky, headed the Soviet foreign intelligence service (INO), then part of the NKVD Leon Trotsky, Soviet politician, the founder of the Red Army, commissar (Soviet minister) of Foreign Affairs Lazar Kaganovich, Stalinist politician and one of the organizers of the Ukrainian Holodomor and Stalinist Great Purge Moisei Uritsky, Soviet politician, chekist Grigory Yavlinsky, Russian politician, head of a liberal "Yabloko" party (half Jewish) Grigory Zinoviev, Soviet politician