The CSX Cumberland Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the U.S. states of Maryland and West Virginia. The line runs from Brunswick, Maryland, west to Cumberland, Maryland, along the old Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road (B&O) main line. At its east end, the Cumberland Subdivision becomes the Metropolitan Subdivision; at its west end at Cumberland, Maryland it becomes the Cumberland Terminal Subdivision. It meets the Shenandoah Subdivision at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, and the Lurgan Subdivision in Cherry Run, West Virginia.
History
The Cumberland Subdivision was opened in 1842 as part of the B&O's main line.
In 1914 the Baltimore and Ohio RR opened the Magnolia Cutoff, a more direct route through mountain ridges, running between Hansrote, West Virginia and Paw Paw, West Virginia. The project included construction of four tunnels, two bridges, and many deep rock cuts. The B&O continued to use the original route along the Potomac River, called the "Lowline," until 1961.
In 1987 the subdivision and the rest of the B&O system were merged into CSX.
Current operation
The Cumberland Subdivision supports freight and passenger traffic, with frequent runs of intermodal, autoracks, coal unit trains, mixed freights, oil trains, and Amtrak's Capitol Limited in both directions. The MARC Brunswick Line commuter trains stop at Martinsburg, WV, Duffields, WV, Harpers Ferry, WV, and points east in Maryland, terminating at Union Station in Washington, D.C.