This is a list of Romanian Jews who are or were Jewish or of Jewish ancestry.
Academics
Aaron Aaronsohn, botanist
J. J. Benjamin, historian
Martin Bercovici, energy engineer
Randolph L. Braham, political scientist, historian
Nicolae Cajal, virologist and Jewish community leader
Gedeon Dagan, hydrologist
Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea, sociologist and Marxist theorist
Lazăr Edeleanu, chemist
Zicman Feider, biologist, acarologist
Herman Finer, political scientist
Peter Freund, theoretical physicist
Moses Gaster, hakham (Sephardi scholar & Rabi), linguist (Hebrew, Romanian), early Zionist leader Lucien Goldmann, philosopher, critic, sociologist Alexandru Graur, linguist Michael Harsgor, historian Joseph M. Juran, industrial engineer Ernest Klein, linguist Charles H. Kremer, dentist and war-crimes investigation activist Liviu Librescu, physicist Mario Livio, astrophysicist Edward Luttwak, economist and historian Norman Manea, writer and college professor Meinhard E. Mayer, physicist Serge Moscovici, social psychologist Victor Neumann, historian and political analyst Andrei Oișteanu, historian and anthropologist Zigu Ornea, literary critic Julius Popper, explorer Lazăr Șăineanu, (Eliezer Schein) linguist and folklorist Itamar Singer (1946–2012), Israeli historian Heimann Hariton Tiktin, linguist Vladimir Tismăneanu, historian and political analyst David Wechsler, psychologist Avram Leib Zissu, political leader, Zionist activist, author, opinion journalist