The Sonoran Desert is a North American desert and ecoregion which covers large parts of the southwestern United States and of northwestern Mexico. With an area of , it is the hottest desert in Mexico. The western portion of the Mexico–United States border passes through the Sonoran Desert. The Sonoran Desert region includes the Sonoran Desert and some surrounding areas. All of Sonora, the Baja California Peninsula, and the islands of the Gulf of California are included. Also included are parts of Sinaloa and Chihuahua, some Pacific islands off the coast of Baja California (excluding Guadalupe Island), and southern Arizona and southern California in the United States.
This region has 4,004 species of plants from 1201 genera in 182 families. Many lack common names. Many have more than one common name, but only one is listed. Native and non-native taxa are included.
Flora with common names
Flora of the Sonoran Desert Region include:
Acanthaceae
Arizona foldwing (Dicliptera resupinata) Arizona water-willow (Justicia candicans) Arizona wrightwort (Carlowrightia arizonica) Baja ruellia (Ruellia peninsularis) beloperone (Justicia californica) black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) Browne's blechum (Blechum pyramidatum) glush weed (Hygrophila costata) hairy fournwort (Tetramerium nervosum) island renegade (Henrya insularis) purple scalystem (Elytraria imbricata) rama parda (Ruellia californica) siphonoglossa (Justicia longii) Sonoran water-willow (Justicia sonorae) spreading snakeherb (Dyschoriste decumbens) Thurber's desert honeysuckle (Anisacanthus thurberi) violet wild petunia (Ruellia nudiflora) white devilbush (Holographis virgata)
Achatocarpaceae
devilqueen (Phaulothamnus spinescens)
Adoxaceae
blue elderberry (Sambucus nigra)
Aizoaceae
common iceplant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) desert horsepurslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) Hottentot fig (Carpobrotus edulis) shoreline seapurslane (Sesuvium portulacastrum) slenderleaf iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) verrucose seapurslane (Sesuvium verrucosum)
Alismataceae
American water plantain (Alisma subcordatum) arumleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria cuneata) broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia) giant arrowhead (Sagittaria montevidensis) longbarb arrowhead (Sagittaria longiloba) upright burhead (Echinodorus berteroi) water poppy (Hydrocleys nymphoides) yellow velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava)
Amaranthaceae
Arizona snakecotton (Froelichia arizonica) Australian saltbush (Atriplex semibaccata) Barclay's saltbush (Atriplex barclayana) big saltbush (Atriplex lentiformis) California saltbush (Atriplex californica) carelessweed (Amaranthus palmeri) cattle saltbush (Atriplex polycarpa) Davidson's saltbush (Atriplex pacifica) desert goosefoot (Chenopodium pratericola) desertholly (Atriplex hymenelytra) dwarf saltwort (Salicornia bigelovii) estuary seablite (Suaeda esteroa) fetid goosefoot (Chenopodium graveolens) fivehorn smotherweed (Bassia hyssopifolia) fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) fringed amaranth (Amaranthus fimbriatus) globe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa) iodinebush (Allenrolfea occidentalis) lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) mat amaranth (Amaranthus blitoides) Mexican tea (Dysphania ambrosioides) Mojave seablite (Suaeda moquini) nettleleaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) New Mexico goosefoot (Chenopodium neomexicanum) Nuttall's povertyweed (Monolepis nuttalliana) old man saltbush (Atriplex nummularia) pearly globe amaranth (Gomphrena nitida) pickleweed (Salicornia virginica) Powell's amaranth (Amaranthus powellii) prince's feather (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) prostrate pigweed (Amaranthus albus) red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Russian thistle (Kali tragus) shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia) slim amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus) Sonoran globe amaranth (Gomphrena sonorae) spiny hopsage (Grayia spinosa) Standley's bloodleaf (Iresine heterophylla) Texas snakecotton (Froelichia interrupta) washerwoman (Alternanthera caracasana) Watson's amaranth (Amaranthus watsonii) Watson's goosefoot (Chenopodium watsonii) wheelscale saltbush (Atriplex elegans) winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata) woolly seablite (Suaeda taxifolia) woolly tidestromia (Tidestromia lanuginosa) Wright's saltbush (Atriplex wrightii)
Amaryllidaceae
cebollín (Hymenocallis pimana) copper zephyrlily (Zephyranthes longifolia) crowpoison (Nothoscordum bivalve) Geyer's onion (Allium geyeri) gland onion (Allium glandulosum) Kunth's onion (Allium kunthii) largeflower onion (Allium macropetalum) Mexicali onion (Allium peninsulare) spider lily (Hymenocallis sonorensis) Texas false garlic (Nothoscordum texanum)