At least 37 species of amphibians are native to Taiwan. Of these, 17 species are endemic to Taiwan. Salamander Echinotriton andersoni is considered extinct in Taiwan (but survives on the Ryukyu Islands of Japan). In addition, there are three introduced species: cane toad Rhinella marina, bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus, and Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus. Thus, in total 40 amphibians have been recorded in Taiwan.
Anura (frogs and toads)
Family Bufonidae — true toads
Bufo bankorensis Barbour, 1908 — endemic
Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) — introduced Family Dicroglossidae — fork-tongued frogs Fejervarya cancrivora (Gravenhorst, 1829) Fejervarya kawamurai Djong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2011 — provisional Fejervarya multistriata (Hallowell, 1861) Fejervarya sakishimensis Matsui, Toda, and Ota, 2008 Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) Limnonectes fujianensis (Ye and Fei, 1994) Family Hylidae — (Ameroaustralian) treefrogs Hyla chinensis Günther, 1858 Family Microhylidae — narrow-mouthed frogs/toads Kaloula pulchra Gray, 1831 Microhyla butleri Boulenger, 1900 Microhyla fissipes Boulenger, 1884 Microhyla heymonsi Vogt, 1911 Micryletta steinegeri (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic Family Ranidae — true frogs
Babina adenopleura (Boulenger, 1909) Babina okinavana (Boettger, 1895) Hylarana latouchii (Boulenger, 1899) Hylarana taipehensis (Van Denburgh, 1909) Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) — introduced Odorrana swinhoana (Boulenger, 1903) — endemic Pelophylax fukienensis (Pope, 1929) Rana longicrus Stejneger, 1898 Rana sauteri Boulenger, 1909 — endemic Sylvirana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) Family Rhacophoridae — flying frogs or Afro-Asian treefrogs Subfamily Buergeriinae Buergeria japonica (Hallowell, 1861) Buergeria otai Wang, Hsiao, Lee, Tseng, Lin, Komaki, and Lin, 2017 — endemic Buergeria robusta (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic Subfamily Rhacophorinae Kurixalus berylliniris (Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016) — endemic Kurixalus eiffingeri (Boettger, 1895) Kurixalus idiootocus (Kuramoto and Wang, 1987) — endemic Kurixalus wangi (Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016) — endemic Polypedates braueri (Vogt, 1911) Polypedates megacephalus (Hallowell, 1861) — introduced Rhacophorus arvalis Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1995 — endemic Rhacophorus aurantiventris Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1994 — endemic Rhacophorus moltrechti Boulenger, 1908 — endemic Rhacophorus prasinatus Mou, Risch, and Lue, 1983 — endemic Rhacophorus taipeianus Liang and Wang, 1978 — endemic
Caudata (salamanders)
Family Cryptobranchidae — giant salamanders
Andrias davidianus (Blanchard, 1871) — introduced (likely) Family Hynobiidae — Asian salamanders Hynobius arisanensis Maki, 1922 — endemic Hynobius formosanus Maki, 1922 — endemic Hynobius fucus Lai and Lue, 2008 — endemic Hynobius glacialis Lai and Lue, 2008 — endemic Hynobius sonani (Maki, 1922) — endemic Family Salamandridae — newts Echinotriton andersoni (Boulenger, 1892) — extinct in Taiwan