Joaquín Manglano y Cucaló de Montull,ínManglanoyCucaló Grandee of Spain, 15th Baron of Cárcer, 2nd Baron of Beniomer, 18th Baron of Llaurí, 6th Count of Burgo de Laverazo, 2nd Marquis of Altamira de la Puebla, 13th Baron of Alcahalí de San Juan y Mosquera (1892–1985) was a Spanish entrepreneur, official, Catholic activist and politician. In terms of business he is known mostly as member of the Levantine economic oligarchy, in terms of officialdom as a Francoist mayor of Valencia (1939–1943) and a longtime Cortes deputy (1952–1967), in terms of Catholic activity as president of Legión Católica Española and in terms of politics as a Carlist.
Family and youth
The Manglano family was first noted in the 14th century, related to Alcarria; they grew to major Castilian landholders in the 16th and 17th century. In the mid-18th century its branch settled in Levante; accumulating land in the Valencia province they grew to regidores and, by means of marriage, entered the aristocratic strata. Joaquín's paternal grandfather, Jose Pedro Manglano y Ruiz (1819-1900), gained new aristocratic titles, in 1867-1868 served as a Cortes deputy and emerged as one of the most prestigious local personalities.
Joaquín's father, Luis Manglano y Palencia (1863–1937), inherited some of the titles and most of the real estate wealth, adding also new honors to his collection; until the 1910s in public realm he was noted mostly as leader of aristocratic Valencian Catholic organizations. He married Josefa Cucaló de Montull y Cubells (1861–1951), a girl of prestigious aristocratic descent who brought yet new titles to the family. The couple had 8 children, Joaquín born as the oldest of the siblings.
Joaquín was first educated - like his father, brothers and sons - at the prestigious Jesuit Colegio San José in Valencia, completing the curriculum in 1908. He then went on to study both law and letters. He spent academic years with University of Valencia, but obtained PhD laurels in 1914 in Madrid thanks to the thesis titled Apuntes para una memoria sobre El Justicia de Valencia. He might have intended to work as a secondary school teacher, but in the mid-1910 he was already referred to as “joven abogado valenciano” and having later inherited most of his fathers’ wealth, lived off the family business. In the 1950s he pursued his interest in history by publishing few works.
In 1922 Manglano married Maria del Pilar Baldoví y Miquel (1902-1999), descendant to a noble Baldoví family, owners of landholdings in Ribera Baixa; she brought to the already opulent marriage the Tancat de la Baldovina, hundreds of hectares of rice-growing areas near Sueca. The couple settled in Valencia, on calle Salvador; they had 5 children, born between 1923 and 1933; though some of them became known locally, none grew to a nationally recognized figure. Emilio Manglano, a military involved in CESID, was his nephew. Percival Manglano, a currently active Spanish politician, is his grand-nephew.
Manglano accumulated a number of aristocratic titles. In 1916 he was awarded a long defunct honor of 15. Baron of Cárcer, the name alternatively applied to him by contemporary press and by present-day scholars alike. Following death of his father, in 1949 Manglano was confirmed as 2. barón de Beniomer and 18. barón de Llaurí. In 1950 the regime conferred upon him Grandeza de España. In 1953 he inherited the title and became the 6. Count of Burgo de Laverazo, in 1956 the 2. Marquis of Altamira de la Puebla and in 1962 the 13. Baron of Alcahalí. By the end of his life Manglano ceded some of the titles to his offspring, in one case re-acquiring it as he outlived his son.
Restoration: maurista, ciervista and datista (prior to 1923)