The 1929 Buryat Revolt was a poorly organized revolt against oppression within the Soviet Union. Soviet authorities moved quickly to crush the revolt, resulting in about 10,000 deaths, and a number of Buryat people fled south to Mongolia.
History
In 1928, the Soviet Union under the leadership of Joseph Stalin implemented a forced policy of collectivization across the Soviet Union.The policy aimed to integrate individual landholdings and labour into collectively-controlled and state-controlled farms. Collectivization angered the largely agricultural Buryats.
The Buryats, a Mongol ethnic group, had also faced discrimination by Soviet authorities prior to the collectivization policies. Buryats mainly adhere to the Buddhist religion, which was persecuted by Soviet authorities from 1925 onwards in the form of closing down monasteries and exiling Lamas.
As a result of Soviet policies, several Buryats openly revolted against Soviet authorities and many fled to Mongolia (many of which were later killed by Communist Mongolian authorities). The uprising was swiftly put down by the Red Army, leading to the deaths of at least 35,000 Buryats.
Between 1927 and 1928, 10,000 people were killed in Buryatia in an attempt by Soviet authorities to eliminate growing Buryat nationalism and Pan-Mongolism.